Английский язык. Никитина С.Я. - 18 стр.

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18
(5) This solution would reduce staff costs and save fuel, but it raises technical
questions concerning the length of passing loops, and the effects of hunting in longer
trains.
(6) Hunting increases almost geometrically with the growth of the size of the
train, and increases the danger of derailment on perfectly maintained track, due to the
size of the train. The danger is so real even on the existing trains, that 160-wagon iron
ore trains must come to a full halt when meeting the single daily return passenger train
on the same line, even though much of the line is double track.
(7) Tests have been conducted with trains of different sizes. Initially, EFVM
began operating trains with up to 270 wagons using three locomotives: one BB 40-9 at
the head and two DDM-45s spread throughout the train, all controlled by GE-Harris
Locotrol remote control equipment. Signals between the locomotives are transmitted by
radio. Transmission towers aren’t necessary, except near tunnels due to the possibility
of losing the signal.
(8) EFVM has now bought 47 Locotrol units, and a further 24 have been bought
by Central Atlantic Railway (FCA), which is also controlled by CVRD. Since
privatization, there has been a growing interchange of traffic between the two railways,
and FCA’s steep gradients of up to 3.8% mean that Locotrol fits like a glove into its
longer trains.
(9) EFVM has so far installed four Locotrol units. At the moment they are being
used in 200-wagon trains, which have a BB 40-9 at the head end, and a second similar
locomotive after the 12-th wagon.
(10) Advantages of the system include reduced coupler wear, reduced danger of
coupler breakage, increased life span for rails and wheels, reduced brake shoe wear,
increased tractive effort, and increased train control.
(11) The Locotrol system also means that fewer trains and crews are to be
employed for the same amount of traffic, enabling EFVM to accommodate an
increasing level of traffic. The railway also expects a 5% saving in diesel fuel
consumption per tonne carried.
Ex. 9. Go back to the text and using the paragraph reference find words
which are similar to:
volume (paragraph 1);
to purchase (paragraph 3);
to review (paragraph 4);
personnel (paragraph 5);
increase, only, to stop (paragraph 6);
first of all (paragraph 7);
a locomotive (paragraph 8);
presently (paragraph 9);
service life (paragraph 10);
to transport (paragraph 11).

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