Методические указания для студентов специальности "Журналистика" (английский язык). Палагина С.С - 6 стр.

     brief account – краткий обзор
     comic strips – комиксы
     advice column – колонка полезных советов
     death notice – некролог
     classified advertisements (ads.) – объявления; рекламные объявления
     announcement – объявление, анонс

     2.2 Text. Fields of Journalism

      There are five chief fields of journalism:
      1. newspapers
      2. news services
      3. magazines
      4. radio
      5. television.
      Related fields include advertising, book publishing, and public relations.
      Newspapers cover more stories than do any of the other newsmedia. They also
cover stories in greater detail. However, newspapers cannot compete with radio or
TV to be first to report the news. Radio and TV stations can interrupt their
programmes at any time to broadcast a news bulletin. A paper must be printed and
distributed before it can bring a story to the public.
      The great advantage of newspapers over radio and TV is that they can report
stories in depth. Newspapers also have other advantages over radio and television.
Newspapers permit readers to absorb the news at their own pace and on their own
schedule. Readers can skip items that do not interest them. Newspapers therefore can
print certain material that appeals to only a small percentage of readers. Such material
includes death notices, stock market listings, and classified advertisements. Listeners
to news broadcasts, however, cannot control the speed or the time of day at which the
news is announced. Also, news broadcasts generally do not report items that interest
relatively few people. A radio or TV news broadcast may lose much of its audience if
its stories do not appeal to a large number of listeners.
      News Services. Large newspapers, national news magazines, and national radio
and television networks have reporters stationed in major cities at home and abroad.
The rest of the press relies chiefly on news services for national and international
news. News services have journalists who report news from around the world. Their
stories, as well as photographs, are transmitted mainly by satellite to members of the
press that pay for the service. News services were formerly known as wire services
because they sent news reports over wires to printing devices called teleprinters.
News services may supply as much as 90 per cent of the foreign news and up to 75
per cent of the national news reported by the press in some countries.
      Other news services include news syndicates and feature syndicates. The major
news syndicates are owned by newspapers that have a large staff of reporters at home
and abroad. Feature syndicates are operated by business organizations that sell such
material as advice columns, comic strips, and opinion columns.

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