Практикум по английскому языку (по истории Англии Средних веков). Пилипенко В.А - 45 стр.

                    ÒÅÊÑÒ XIII / TEXT XIII
 SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES

        From the 11th to       the 13th century thorough
 progress was made in technique and in utilising waste
 lands, rural society and agricultural tenures remained for    óãîäüÿ
 the most part static. During the whole of that period the
 bulk of cultivators were of villein status: they held their   ïî âîëå;
 land «at the will of the lord» and rended him certain         îêàçûâàëè
 services in return for the protection he offered against      çàùèòà
 neighbours and outsiders. In addition to the performance
 of services, the villein was under certain obligation fixed
 by customs. When a villein died and his son took over the
 holdings, he had to pay a fine on entry. In view of the       øòðàô
 mortuary fees payable to the church, the burdens on a         ïîõîðîííûé
 dead man’s family were abominably heavy and often             áðåìÿ
 reduced it to poverty. If a villein’s daughter married, the
 lord of the manor received a compense for the loss of
 services which she rendered while single.                     íå çàìóæåì



                    ASSIGNMENT TO TEXT XIII

I. Translate the terms from Russian into English and remember them:
     óãîäüÿ, ñåëüñêîå îáùåñòâî, âîëÿ, çàùèùàòü, ïðåäëàãàòü,
îáÿçàííîñòü, âûïîëíåíèå, øòðàô, áðåìÿ, êîìïåíñàöèÿ, âëàäå-
íèå, ïîõîðîííûå ðàñõîäû.

II. Tell if the sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones:
     1. Most cultivators were of freemen status.
     2. Peasantry was given land in return for military service.
     3. If a villein’s daughter married, the lord received a compence.
     4. Villeins rended lord some services but they didn’t receive any
protection from outsiders.

III. Choose any topic you like and write a report:
     1. The Britons:
     a) What can you say about the people who lived in Britain in the
IVth century?


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