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55
When I remembered all this, I wondered extremely that the
good and wise men who were formerly all over England, and had
perfectly learnt all the books, did not wish to translate them into
their own language. But again I soon answered myself and said:
"They did not think, that men would ever be so careless, and that
learning would so decay; through that desire they obtained from it,
and they wished that the wisdom in this land might increase with our
knowledge of languages". Then I remembered how law was first
known in Hebrew, and again, when the Greeks had learnt it, they
translated the whole of it into their language, and all other books
besides. And again, the Romans, when they had learnt it, they translated
the whole of it through learned interpreters into their own language. And
also all other Christian nations translated a part of them into their own
language. Therefore it seems better to me, if you think so, for us also to
translate some books, which are most needful for all men to know, into
the language we can all understand, and for you to do as we very easily
can if we have tranquility enough, that is that all youth now in
England of free men, who are rich enough to be able to devote
themselves to it, be set to learn as long as they are not fit for any other
occupation, until that they are well able to read English writing:
and let those be afterwards taught more in the Latin language who
are to continue learning and be promoted to a higher rank.
When I remembered how the knowledge of Latin had formerly
decayed throughout England, and yet many could read English
writing, I began, among other various and manifold troubles of this
kingdom, to translate into English the book which is called in Latin
– "Pastoralis", and in English – "Shepherd’s Book", sometimes word by
word and sometimes according to the sense, as I had learnt it from
Plegmund, my arbishop and Asser, my bishop, and Grimbold, my mass-
priest, and John, my mass-priest.
...And when I had learned it, as I could best understand it,
and as I could most clearly interprete it into English, and I will send
a copy to every bishopric in my kingdom, and on each there is a clasp
worthy of 50 mancuses. And I command in God's name that no man
can take the clasp from the book, or the book from the minster. It is
certain how long there may be such learned bishops as now, thanks
be to God, there are nearly everywhere. Therefore I wish them always
to remain in their place, unless the bishop wish to take them with him,
or they be lent out anywhere, or any one make a copy from the books.[6]
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