Архитектурные шедевры Великобритании. Рябцева Е.В. - 34 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

ТГТУ | Тамбов

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

storerooms and offices backed on the wall of the inmost ward. The great hall extended up to the Lanthorn
Tower. After the death of Edward I in 1307, the king’s private chamber was in or adjoining the Lanthorn
Tower. Later the palace was enlarged: a jewel house was built against the south face of the White Tower, and
an annexe on its eastern side, and eventually a second palace precinct was formed, between the Lanthorn Tower
and the Wardrobe Tower on the west, and the Salt Tower and Broad Arrow Tower on the east. The medieval
buildings survived long after royalty had ceased to use the palace, some being demolished in 1674 – 1675 and
others, including the great hall, incorporated into new storehouses and offices, which in turn were pulled down
in 1775 – 1777.
The original Lanthorn Tower, built at the same time as the Wakefield Tower, was gutted by fire in 1774
and soon after demolished. The present building is a Victorian reconstruction – and contains an introduction to
the inmost ward and the Medieval Palace. On display are a number of thirteenth century artefacts.
Answer the following questions.
1. Which parts of the defences of the original castle have been uncovered?
2. What towers are there in the Inmost Ward?
3. What are the interiors of the Wakefield Tower?
4. Where can you see the copy of the Coronation Chair of Westminster Abbey?
5. What did the Wakefield Tower serve for in 1856 – 1967?
6. Where was the royal kitchen placed?
7. In what way was the palace enlarged?
8. Did the original towers of the Inmost Ward survive?
THE INNER WARD
Words and Expressions
– a missile – снаряд
– a projectile – метательная установка
– confinement – тюремное заключение
– an accomplice – соучастник преступления
– to allot – предоставлять, выделять, наделять, предназначать
– a cell – тюремная камера
The Inner Ward lies within the curtain wall that encircles the White Tower from the Lanthorn Tower to the
Wakefield Tower. Most of it, including eight wall-towers, was built in the later years of Henry III from 1238
onwards, following the completion of the palace, though his son Edward I reconstructed the western section,
which includes the Beauchamp Tower, beginning in 1275.
The building of this towered curtain wall transformed the defences of the Tower. Archers and missile-
throwing machines along the walls, and the towers which projected beyond them, commanded every inch of
ground around the castle and could concentrate their projectiles against an attack at any point. If an enemy
managed to get on to or over the wall, they were still exposed to missiles from the adjoining towers as well as
from the White Tower.
Like any other castle, the Tower was rarely under attack and in normal times the wall-towers were for
domestic rather than military use. Each tower occupies two or three storeys, with a sizeable chamber on each
floor. These rooms together might form a suite for a resident or guest of the highest rank, accompanied by his
own household, or the rooms might be arranged as self-contained accommodation.
Later on this accommodation was easily adapted to hold prisoners. Some were kept in one room, either in
solitary confinement or together with their accomplices. Others, more favourably treated because of their high
rank and allowed servants, were allotted an entire tower.

Страницы