Механика сплошных сред. Семенов М.В - 4 стр.

4                                                                  Ìåõàíèêà ñïëîøíûõ ñðåä



                                              ÎÃËÀÂËÅÍÈÅ

                                        1. Óïðóãèå ñâîéñòâà òåë

1.1. Çàêîí Ãóêà:
          1) ìîäåëü êðèñòàëëà NaCl (øàðèêè ñ ïðóæèíàìè) ........................... 7
          2) ïðóæèííûé äèíàìîìåòð ................................................................. 7
1.2. Òèïû äåôîðìàöèé (ðàñòÿæåíèå–ñæàòèå, ñäâèã; èçãèá, êðó÷åíèå):
          1) ìîäåëü èç ïëàñòèí ñ ïðóæèíàìè ................................................... 7
          2) ðåçèíîâûå ìîäåëè: áðóñîê ñ íàíåñ¸ííîé ñåòêîé è áðóñîê
             ñî øòûðüêàìè .................................................................................. 7
          3) äåôîðìàöèÿ âèñÿùåãî òåëà ............................................................. 8
          4) äåôîðìàöèÿ êðó÷åíèÿ .................................................................... 9
1.3. Óïðóãàÿ è îñòàòî÷íàÿ äåôîðìàöèÿ:
          1) ñâèíöîâàÿ, ìåäíàÿ è ñòàëüíàÿ ïëàñòèíêè, çàæàòûå â òèñêàõ ...... 9
          2) ïðèáîð äëÿ ðàñòÿæåíèÿ ïðîâîëîêè ñî øêàëîé è ñòðåëêîé ........... 9
1.4. Ñòðåëà ïðîãèáà ............................................................................................ 10
1.5. Ïðî÷íîñòü ïóñòîòåëîé òðóáêè (îïûò Óìîâà) .............................................. 11
1.6. Èçìåíåíèå ïîïåðå÷íîãî ñå÷åíèÿ îáðàçöà ïðè ðàñòÿæåíèè ........................ 11
1.7. Çàâèñèìîñòü óïðóãèõ ñâîéñòâ îò òåìïåðàòóðû
     (ðåçèíà è ñòàëüíàÿ ïðóæèíà) ..................................................................... 12
1.8. Çàâèñèìîñòü óïðóãèõ ñâîéñòâ îò âðåìåíè âîçäåéñòâèÿ;
    ñðåäà Ìàêñâåëëà è ñðåäà Êåëüâèíà–Ôîõòà. ............................................... 12

                                       2. Ãèäðî- è àýðîñòàòèêà

2.1. Äàâëåíèå âíóòðè æèäêîñòè:
         1) ìåìáðàííûé ìàíîìåòð ................................................................... 14
         2) îáðàçîâàíèå ôîíòàíà èç îòâåðñòèÿ â äíå ñîñóäà,
            ïîãðóæåííîãî â âîäó ...................................................................... 14
2.2. Çàêîí Ïàñêàëÿ:
         1) øàð Ïàñêàëÿ .................................................................................. 14
         2) ñîñóä ñ ìàíîìåòðè÷åñêèìè òðóáêàìè ........................................... 14
         3) ãèäðàâëè÷åñêèé ïðåññ è îïûòû ñ íèì ......................................... 15
2.3. Äàâëåíèå æèäêîñòè íà ñòåíêè ñîñóäà:
         1) ñîñóä Ìàðèîòòà .............................................................................. 16
         2) ïðèáîð Ïàñêàëÿ (ãèäðîñòàòè÷åñêèé ïàðàäîêñ) ............................. 17
2.4. Ñæèìàåìîñòü æèäêîñòè:
         1) ïüåçîìåòð Âàéíãîëüäà ................................................................... 17
         2) èñêðà â æèäêîñòè .......................................................................... 18
         3) ïðîñòðåëèâàíèå ñîñóäà ñ âîäîé ..................................................... 19
2.5. Çàêîí Àðõèìåäà:
         1) “âåäåðêî” Àðõèìåäà ...................................................................... 19
         2) äåìîíñòðàöèÿ ïî Ýéõåíâàëüäó íà âåñàõ
                ñ ãèäðîñòàòè÷åñêèì âçâåøèâàíèåì ....................................... 20
         3) “ïðèñàñûâàíèå” òåëà êî äíó ñîñóäà .............................................. 20