Power Engineering. Соколова Е.В. - 5 стр.

     Radio electronics the development of radio engineering and electronics in
Russia

       1. The invention of electronic devices whose activity is based upon the flow of
free electrons in a vacuum has considerably enlarged the application of electrical en-
ergy for various industrial purposes. It has become a new important phase in the de-
velopment of electrical engineering as a whole.
       2. It is electronic devices that made it possible to solve the problem of obtain-
ing high frequency currents which are the basis of radio engineering, television, "talk-
ies", radar and other very important branches of modern engineering.
       3. Radio, one of the most outstanding achievements was .invented by A. S.
Popov in 1909. Broadcasting began to develop in Russia along with short waves. For
the time 'Bang radiobroadcasting has become a part of our life. It is known that the
basic devices in radio engineering are radio-transmitting and radio receiving ones.
The theory of both these devices was developed by Russian scientists.
       4. In the early 30's Academician A. I. Berg developed the theory of radio-
transmitting devices, and Professor Siforov worked out the theory of radio-receiving
devices. Academician Vvedensky contributed a great deal to the successful develop-
ment of Russian radio electronics. His investigations in the field of propagation of ul-
tra-short waves were of particularly great significance. The results of the researches
are widely used in television, radar and other fields of radio electronics. On May 5,
1949 Academician Vvedensky was awarded the Popov Gold Medal for work in the
field of radio physics and radio engineering, as well as for his research work in the
field of propagation of ultra-short waves.
       5. In the early 30's electronic television was being developed. Principles of
electronic. In 1939 the Moscow television centre was put into operation. The newly
built 536 metre television tower in Moscow makes it possible to extend direct broad-
casts to more than a hundred kilometres. 6. Inter vision has come into being, colour
programmes are being regularly broadcast in Moscow and Leningrad Moscow and
Leningrad TV programmes are being rebroadcast by a large number of stations in dif-
ferent districts.
       7. Use is made of radio electronics at every step. In the field of radar Russian
specialists made a great contribution such as N. F. Alekseev and D.E Malyarov, who
worked under the supervision of Professor M. A. Bontch-Bruevitch, developed a
multi-slot magnetron operating at 10 cm waves.One of the first radars was worked
out by Kobzarev.
       8. N. I. Kabanov discovered the phenomenon of "back dissipation". Wide use
is made of Kabanov's effect in radio communication and radar.
       9. There have been outstanding changes in recent years including the use of
semiconductor devices such as the transistor, printed circuitry, the use of higher fre-
quency for broadcasting and others.


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