Science for University Students. Part II. Translations. Сологуб Л.И. - 54 стр.

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division and hence would not increase mutations. Thus a chemical that produces
cell death and cancer at the MTD could be harmless at lower dose levels.
Diets rich in fruits and vegetables tend to reduce human cancer. The rodent
MTD test that labels plant chemicals as cancer-causing in humans is misleading.
The test is likewise of limited value for synthetic chemicals. The standard
carcinogen tests that use rodents are an obsolescent relic of the ignorance of past
decades. At that time, extreme caution made sense. But now tremendous
improvements of analytical and other procedures make possible a new
toxicology and far more realistic evaluation of the dose levels at which
pathological effects occur.
Philip H. Abelson
I. Read the editorial text and make out what information it carries
II. Choose the right answer
1. The problem which is raised in the text is the problem of
determining potential carcinogenicity by
a. daily administration of huge doses of chemicals
b. strict regulations
c. questiong models
2. The main thought expressed in the articles is
a. Real cancer hazards are not receiving adequate attention
b. Pathologic effects of national chemistcals have’n been
studied trhoughly
c. The maximum tolerated chemicals dose gives rise to excess
cancer
3. The text also suggests that:
a. a large number chemicals evolved from plants is used as a
defense against predators and parasites
b. all chemicals are toxic if they are used gested in
sufficiently high doses
c. oxidative DNA is not a major contributor to aging and to
cancer
III. Find the Enlish for the following Russian counter-parts
1. пугающие публикации привели общество в волнение и
вызвали химиофобию (боязнь любых химических
веществ)
2. в разной пище, включая яблоки, бананы, морковь,
сельдерей, кофе, салат, апельсиновый сок, горох,
картофель и помидоры.
3. химические вещества растительного происхождения –
лишь крошечная частица естественных пестицидов
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