Зоология на английском. Обязательный материал для чтения на занятиях и дома. Сологуб Л.И. - 16 стр.

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earthworm земляной червь

asexual бесполый

III. Give the definitions of the following terms.

1. Fertilization.

2. Hermaphrodite.

3. Asexual reproduction.

IV. Answer the following questions:

1. What is fertilization?

2. Under what conditions does fertilization take place?

3. In what way does the fertilized egg cell form a new hydra?

4. What organisms are called male ones?

5. What organisms are called female?

V. Speak on the process of the formation of a new hydra in detail.

Text 9

I. Read the text without a dictionary. Pick out the basic idea of the text.

HOW LIFE IS PASSED ON IN ANIMALS

In the protoplasm of every living organism there is intense chemical activity.

Hundreds of chemical changes are taking place at the same time. Such changes

are carried out by enzymes. Finally, in every individual, this intense activity must

carried and we recognize that death has occurred. But this does not mean that the

races of animals and plants must die out because they all can produce new

individuals like the parent or parents. This is what biologists call reproduction.

After they have reached maturity, animals and plants split off special bite of

their living material which develop, often by a highly complicated process of

growth, into new individuals.

There are many different ways in which this reproduction can be carried out and

we examine the process in two different types of animals - amoeba and hydra.

II. Remember the following words and word combinations, consult a

dictionary about the way they are pronounced:

to be passed on передаваться

enzyme энзим, фермент