Зоология на английском. Обязательный материал для чтения на занятиях и дома. Сологуб Л.И. - 43 стр.

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endocrine эндокринный

endocrine glands железы внутренней секреции

III. Suggest the Russian for:

a. vital process; deeply-hidden tissues; a point of origin; compared to ...;

essential connecting link; a complex circulatory system; crucial points; in

addition to...; the intake of matter.

IV. Suggest the English for:

внешний мир; железы внутренней секреции; быть в чьем-либо

распоряжении; огромной важности; отдельные клетки; органы выделения;

пищеварительный тракт; продукты распада (отходы).

V. Make up a list of words you consider indispensable for the understanding of

the text.

VI. Make up a model of the text information, sum up what it has to say on the

functions of the circulatory system.

Text 26

I. Read the text and entitle it.

Various stages in the development of a circulatory system can be traced in

the Invertebrates. In some it consists merely of a single cavity or several

connected cavities filled with a fluid containing various types of cells, while in

others the cavities are replaced by definite tubes, or vessels, for the conduction

of the fluid. With the establishment of closed vessels, the contractions of various

organs and the movements of the body as a whole can no longer be entirely

depended on for the movement of the fluid, and accordingly in certain regions, a

muscular layer is developed in the walls of the vessels, which by rhythmic

pulsation forces the fluid along. Thus, for example, in the Earthworm, then is

fluid within the body cavity, which is forced about by the movements of the

worm and bathes most of the internal organs'; and there is also a system of

vessels (vascular system), a part of which contracts rhythmically and distributes

the blood to the individual cells.

In the Vertebrates circulation is effected by two systems, the blood vascular

and the lymphatic systems. The blood vascular system consists of vessels which

distribute the blood composed of a liquid plasma, in which float various formed

elements, chiefly red and white cells. The lymphatic system comprises spaces,