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Text 31
DO ANIMALS COMMUNICATE?
It was a warm, sunny day in the spring. A large brown hen had brought her
chicks outdoors. She was scratching in the dirt in the barnyard. The chicks were
imitating her. Suddenly, the hen made a clucking noise. When the chicks heard
her, they ran to her. It was a cool fall day. A young male bear was looking for a
good place to live. He saw a cave and he went to look at it. But when he got
near the cave, he saw a tree with deep scratches on it. The scratches were high
above his head. The bear decided to look for another cave.
Several female deer were grazing in field with their fame. On of the deer
raised her head and looked toward the road. A large dog and a man with a gun
were walking into the field. None of the other deer had seen the man and the
doe. But when the deer who bad seen them put her tail up, all of the deer and
their fawns ran into the forest.
What happened? Why did the little chicks run to their mother? Why did the
bear decide to move on? Why did all the deer run into the forest?
When the hen made the clucking noise, she was telling her chicks that she
had found food for them.
When the bear saw the scratches high on the tree, he knew that they had
been made by a bear that was much bigger than he. He knew that he was in
another bear's territory.
When the one deer showed the other deer the white hair that grew under
her tail, she was warning them of danger. Although they hadn't seen the hunter
and the dog, they recognized the signal.
We read that communication is giving or exchanging news or information.
Although these animals couldn't read or write or speak a human language, they
were communicating. Scientists have found that almost every species of animal
has a communication system.
Animals exchange information about food, about territory, about danger
and safety. They express fear, hunger, anger, pleasure, and recognition.
Animal messages are not always expressed in sounds. The scratches on the
tree were made by a large bear who was saying, "I'm a very large bear, and this
is my territory!" Some animals mark their territory in different ways. Rabbits
have scent glands under their china. When they rub these glands on stones and
twigs, the smell that remains tells other animals that the territory is occupied by
a rabbit.
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