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Furthermore, they found men tend to be more ludic, whereas women tend to be storgic
and pragmatic. Relationships based on similar love styles were found to last longer.
Helen Fisher suggests three main phases of love: lust, attraction and attachment.
Generally love will start off in the lust phase, strong in passion but weak in the other
elements. The primary motivator at this stage is the basic sexual instinct. Appearance,
smells and other similar factors play a decisive role in screening potential mates. However,
as time passes, the other elements may grow and passion may shrink — this depends upon
the individual. So what starts as Infatuation or Empty love may well develop into one of the
fuller types of love. At the attraction stage the person concentrates their affection on a
single mate and fidelity becomes important.
Likewise when a person has known a loved one for a long time, they develop a deeper
attachment to their partner. According to current scientific understanding of love, this
transition from attraction to attachment phase usually happens in about 30 months. After
that passion fades, changing love from Consummate to Companionate, or from Romantic
love to Liking.
Greek distinguishes several different senses in which the word love is us ed. For
example, ancient Greek has the words philia, eros, agape, and storge. Agap e, for exa mple,
is love that God has for mankind (only God can express this kind of love); and Eros is
passionate love, with sensual desire and longing.
Different cultures have deified love, typically in both male and female form. Here is a list
of the gods and goddesses of love in different mythologies.
• Amor or Cupid — god of passionate love in Roman mythology
• Aphrodite — goddess of passionate love in Greek mythology
• Eros — god of passionate love in Greek mythology
• Freya — goddess in Norse mythology
• Venus — goddess of passionate love in Roman mythology
Text 3. Types of marriage
The type and functions of marriage vary from culture to culture. In the United States,
Europe, and China in the early 21st century, legally sanctioned marriages are monogamous
(although s ome pockets of society s till sanction polygamy socially, if not legally) and
divorce is relatively simple and socially sanctioned. In the West, the prevailing view toward
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