Традиции, обычаи и праздники Китая (Traditions, Customs and Festivals of China). Сухомлинова С.И - 24 стр.

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Certain enthusiasts enjoy flying kites during the night. They
hang small coloured lanterns on the line with candles burning inside,
which go up high in the air to decorate the night sky with strings of
glimmering lights, adding much to the fun.
Chinese kites fall into four major categories: those with
detachable wings and those with fixed wings. The former can be taken
apart and packed in boxes. Easy to carry about, they make good
presents. The second category refers to those with fixed, non-
detachable frames; they fly better and higher, given a steady wind.
Classified by designs and other specifications, there are no less than
300 varieties, including human figures, fish, insects, birds, animals
and written characters. In size, they range from 304 metres to only 30
centimetres across.
It is no easy job to make a kite that one can be proud of. For the
frame, the right kind of bamboo must be selected. It should be thick
and strong for a kite of large dimensions in order to stand the wind
pressure. For miniature kites, on the other hand, thin bamboo stripes
are to be used.
The second step in making of a kite is the covering of the frame.
This is normally done with paper, sometimes with silk. Silk kites are
more durable and generally of higher artistic value.
Painting of the kites (the third step) may be done in either of two
ways. For mass-produced kites, pre-printed paper is used to cover the
frames. Custom-made kites are painted manually after covering.
Many of the designs bear messages of good luck; a pine tree and a
crane, for example, mean longevity, bats and peaches wish you good
fortune and a long life, and so on.
In 1983 a large-scale kite-flying competition was held in Tianjin.
A “dragon-headed centipede” of a hundred sections, with a total length
of a hundred metres, flown up by a squad of 5 or 6 young men of the
Tianjin Fine Arts Factory, thrashed and danced in the air. A Japanese
enthusiast sent up a 300-metre-long kite of a string of 270 sections.
These and other successes attracted large crowds and won thunderous
applause.
The well-known Weifang (Shandong Province) Kite Festival has
become an annual feature in the country, drawing hundreds of
participants each April from home and many foreign countries. 
       Certa in ent hus iasts enjo y flying k ites d uring t he night. The y
ha ng s ma ll co lo ured la nte rns o n t he line w it h ca nd les b urning ins ide,
whic h go up high in t he a ir to dec orate t he night sk y w it h strings o f
gli mme ring lights, adding muc h to t he fun.
       Chinese k ites fa ll into fo ur major catego ries : t hose wit h
detachab le w ings a nd t hose wit h fixed wings. The fo rme r can be take n
apart a nd packed in bo xes. Eas y to carry ab o ut, t he y make good
presents.       The second catego ry re fers to t hose w it h fixe d, no n-
detachab le fra mes; t he y fly bet ter and highe r, give n a stead y w ind.
Class ified b y des igns a nd ot he r specifica t io ns, t here are no less tha n
300 varie t ies, inc lud ing hu ma n fig ures, fis h, insects, b irds, a ni ma ls
and w ritte n c haracte rs. In s ize, the y ra nge fro m 3 04 metres to o nly 3 0
cent i metres across.
       It is no easy jo b to make a k ite t hat one ca n be pro ud o f. Fo r t he
fra me, t he right k ind o f ba mb oo must be selected. It s ho uld be t hic k
and st ro ng for a k ite o f large d imens io ns in orde r to sta nd t he w ind
pressure. For minia t ure k ites, on t he o t her ha nd, t hin ba mboo st ripes
are to be used.
       The seco nd step in ma k ing o f a k ite is t he co ve ring o f t he fra me .
This is nor ma lly do ne w it h pape r, so me t imes w it h s ilk. Silk k ites are
mo re d urab le a nd ge nera lly o f highe r art ist ic va lue.
       Pa int ing o f t he k ites (t he t hird step ) ma y be do ne in e it her o f tw o
ways. Fo r mass-pro d uced k ites, pre-printe d paper is used to co ver t he
fra mes.      Cust o m- made k ites are painted ma nua lly a fte r co vering.
Many o f t he des igns bear message s of good luck ; a p ine t ree a nd a
crane, fo r e xa mp le, mea n lo nge vit y, bats and peaches w is h yo u good
fort une a nd a lo ng life, and so on.
       In 1983 a large-sca le k ite -flying co mpe t it io n was he ld in Tia nj in.
A “ drago n-headed ce nt ipede” o f a hund red sectio ns, wit h a tota l le ngt h
o f a hundred met res, flow n up b y a squad o f 5 o r 6 yo ung me n o f t he
Tia nj in Fine Arts Factory, t hras hed and da nced in t he a ir. A Japanese
ent hus iast se nt up a 3 00-me tre-lo ng k ite o f a string o f 270 sect io ns.
These and ot her s uccesses attracted large crowds a nd wo n t hunde ro us
appla use.
       The we ll-k now n We ifa ng (Sha ndo ng Pro vince) Kite Fest iva l ha s
beco me a n a nnua l feat ure in t he co untry, draw ing hundreds o f
part ic ipa nts each Ap ril fro m ho me a nd ma ny fore ign co untries.




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