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70
sliding weight. A scale of the former description with a complete set
of weights was discovered lately from the tomb near Changsha, Hunan
Province, which dates back to the Period of the Warring State (475-
221 B.C.). It is in size similar to those in use today and its component
parts are found to be in good proportions.
Notes:* One jin equals 500 grams or about 1.1 pounds; it used to be
divided into 16 liang, but now 10 liang.
** A qian is one-tenth of a liang.
Task 3. Read the text once more and answer the following
questions.
1. Why can we call the abacus a great invention?
2. What are the advantages of the abacus?
3. What does the “electronic abacus” combine?
4. Can you describe the technique of calculating with the help of the
abacus?
5. Why does the abacus still enjoy undiminished vitality in China?
6. When did China begin to make the steelyard?
7. What kind of steelyards is still in widespread use in China?
8. What scale was discovered lately from the tomb near Changsha?
Task 4. Give English equivalents to the following Russian
expressions and use them in the sentences of your own.
Великое изобретение; вычислительная машина; бухгалтер-
ская книга; круглый по форме; упрощенная версия; метод вычис-
ления; войти в век электроники; электронный калькулятор; оста-
ваться неизменным; широко использовать на рынке; насчиты-
вающий … сантиметров в высоту; поднимать взвешиваемый пред-
мет; среднего размера; взвешивать лекарственные растения;
полный набор гирь; стоит упомянуть.
Task 5. Match the words with their definitions:
1) balance a) person who prepares and sells medicines
2) widespread b) roll of paper for writing
3) description c) doctor’s written instruction
4) tomb d) condition of being steady
5) prescription e) place dug in the ground, cut out of rock
6) enjoy f) distributed over a large area
slid ing we ight. A sca le o f t he fo rme r descript io n w it h a co mp lete se t
o f we ights was d isco ve red la te ly fro m t he to mb near C ha ngs ha, Huna n
Pro vince, w hic h da tes back to t he Period o f t he Warring State (47 5-
221 B.C.). It is in s ize s imila r to t hose in use toda y a nd its co mpo ne nt
parts are fo und to be in goo d propo rtio ns.
Notes:* O ne jin eq ua ls 500 gra ms or abo ut 1.1 po unds; it used to be
divided into 16 lia ng, b ut now 10 liang.
** A qian is o ne-te nt h o f a lia ng.
Task 3. Read the text once more and ans wer the follo wing
questions.
1. Why can we call t he abac us a gre at inve nt io n?
2. What are the ad va nta ges o f t he abacus ?
3. What does the “ electro nic abac us ” co mb ine ?
4. Can yo u describe t he tec hniq ue o f ca lc ulat ing w it h t he he lp o f t he
abacus ?
5. Why does the abac us still e njo y und i minis hed vita lit y in C hina ?
6. Whe n d id China begin to make the steelyard ?
7. What k ind o f stee lyards is still in widespread use in C hina ?
8. What scale was disco vered late ly fro m t he to mb near C ha ngs ha ?
Task 4. Give English eq uivalen ts to the fol lo wing Russia n
expressions and use them in the sentences of your own.
Велик ое изобрете ние; вы числительная машина; б ухгалтер -
ская книга; круглы й по форме; упрощенная версия; метод вычис-
ления; вой ти в век эле ктро ники ; электр онный кал ьк уля тор; оста -
ваться неизменным; шир око ис пользо вать на рын ке; насчи ты-
вающий … сан тиметро в в высоту; поднимать вз вешиваемый пред-
мет; среднего размера; взве шивать лекарс твенн ые растения;
полный набор гирь; стои т упомян уть.
Task 5. Match the words with their definitions:
1) bala nce a) person w ho p repares and se lls me dic ines
2) widespread b) ro ll o f paper for writ ing
3) descript io n c) doctor’s writte n instruct io n
4) to mb d) cond it io n o f be ing stead y
5) prescript io n e) place d ug in t he gro und, cut o ut o f rock
6) enj o y f) d istrib uted o ver a la rge area
70
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