Традиции, обычаи и праздники Китая (Traditions, Customs and Festivals of China). Сухомлинова С.И - 79 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

ДВФУ | Владивосток

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

78
Text 1. Chinese Tunic Suit (Zhongshan Zhuang)
The tunic suit has dominated Chinese fashion for many years and
is known to Westerners as the “Mao tunic” or “Mao suit”. It is a
mistake, however, to associate the style with Mao Zedong.
For it is called by the Chinese themselves “Zhongshan zhuang”
or “Zhongshan suit”, as it was a uniform that Dr. Sun Yat-sen (better
known among the Chinese as Sun Zhongstang) liked to wear and
recommended to the people of the country.
It was customary in ancient times to change the styles of
people’s clothes whenever a new dynasty replaced an old one. The
1911 Revolution led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty
and founded the Republic of China. Member of his Nationalist Party
proposed to change the national costume. During the discussions, Dr.
Sun favoured the casual dress prevalent in Guangdong Province but
proposed certain modifications. A designer worked on his ideas and
produced the tunic with four pockets and a tuned-down collar, closed
all down the middle with five buttons. It looked simple and tasteful
and gave an air of sedateness. From then on Dr. Sun set a personal
by wearing the tunic suit on various occasions. It did not take long
before the style became fashionable all over the country.
Text 2. Cheongsam (Qipao)
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese
features and enjoys a growing popularity in the international world of
high fashion.
The name “cheongsam”, meaning simply “long dress”, entered
the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong
Province (Cantonese). In other parts of the country including Beijing,
however, it is known as “qipao”, which has a history behind it.
When the early Manchu rulers came to China proper, they
organized certain people, mainly Manchus, into “banners” and called
them “banner people”, which then became loosely the name of all
Manchus. The Manchu women wore normally a one-piece dress,
likewise, came to be called “qipao” or “banner-dress”. Although the
1911 Revolution toppled the rule of the Qing (Manchu) Dynasty, the
female dress survived the political change and, with later
improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women.
Easy to slip on and comfortable to wear, the cheongsam fits well
the female Chinese figure. Its neck is high, collar closed, and its
sleeves may be short, medium or full-length, depending on season and 
              Text 1. Chi nese Tunic Suit (Zhongshan Zhuang )
      The t unic suit has do mina ted Chine se fashio n for ma ny years a nd
is k now n to Westerners as the “ Mao tunic” o r “ Mao suit”. It is a
mista ke, howe ver, to associate t he style w it h Mao Zedo ng.
      For it is ca lled b y t he C hinese t he mse lves “ Zho ngs ha n z hua ng”
or “ Zho ngs ha n s uit”, as it was a unifor m t hat Dr. Sun Yat -sen (bet ter
kno w n a mo ng t he C hinese as Sun Zho ngsta ng) liked to wear a nd
reco mme nded to t he peop le o f t he c ountry.
      It was c usto ma ry in a nc ie nt t imes to c ha nge t he st yles o f
peop le’s clot hes w he ne ver a new dynast y rep laced an o ld o ne. The
1911 Re vo lut io n led b y Dr. Sun Y at-sen o ve rt hrew t he Q ing D ynast y
and fo unded t he Rep ub lic o f C hina . Me mber o f his Nat io na lis t Part y
proposed to c ha nge t he nat io na l co stume. D uring t he d iscuss io ns, Dr.
Sun fa vo ured t he casua l dress pre va le nt in G ua ngdo ng Pro vince b ut
proposed certa in mod ificat io ns. A designe r worked o n his ideas a nd
prod uced t he t unic w it h fo ur pocke ts and a t uned -dow n co lla r, closed
all dow n t he mid d le w it h five b utt ons. It lo oked s imp le a nd taste fu l
and ga ve a n air o f sedate ness. Fro m t he n o n D r. Sun set a pers ona l
by wearing t he t unic s uit o n va rio us occas io ns. It d id not take lo ng
before t he style beca me fas hio nab le all o ver t he co untry.
                         Text 2. Che ongsam (Qi pao)
       The cheo ngsa m is a fe ma le dre ss wit h d ist inct ive C hines e
feat ures a nd e njo ys a grow ing pop ula rit y in t he inte rnat io na l world o f
high fashio n.
       The na me “ cheo ngsa m”, mea ning simp ly “ lo ng dress”, entere d
the Englis h vocab ula ry fro m t he dia lect o f C hina’s Gua ngd o ng
Pro vince (Ca nto nese). In o t her parts o f t he c o untry inc lud ing Be ij ing,
howe ve r, it is k now n as “ qipao”, whic h has a histo ry be hind it.
       Whe n t he ea rly Ma nc hu rulers ca me to C hina prope r, t he y
orga nized certa in peop le, ma inly Manc hus, into “ banne rs” and ca lle d
the m “ banner peop le”, w hic h t he n beca me loose ly t he na me o f a ll
Manc hus. The Ma nc hu wo me n wore no rma lly a o ne-p iece dress,
likew ise, ca me to be called “ qipao ” or “ banner-dress”. Alt ho ugh t he
1911 Revo lut io n topp led t he rule o f t he Q ing (Ma nc hu) D ynast y, t he
fe ma le dress s urvive d t he po lit ica l c ha nge a nd, w it h late r
i mpro ve me nts, has beco me the t rad itio na l dress fo r Chinese wo me n.
       Easy to s lip o n a nd co mfo rtab le to wear, t he c heo ngsa m fits we l l
the fe ma le C hinese figure. Its ne ck is high, co lla r c losed, and its
slee ves ma y be s ho rt, med iu m or fu ll-le ngt h, depe nd ing o n season a nd


                                         78

Страницы