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40
Use future perfect
• to look back from the future to an earlier event, often with by or by the time.
By the time we get home, the match will have begun.
future time clauses following time words
A future time clause follows a time word or phrase.
after as soon as before by the time until when
In sentences referring to the future, the verb following the time word or phrase is
present simple, and the main verb is a will-future.
By the time we reach the station, it will be too late.
When we emphasize completion or achievement, we can use a present perfect simple
verb instead of a present simple verb.
We'll let you know when we have reached a decision.
EXERCISES
1. Complete each sentence using a verb from the list in the present simple form.
Then match each sentence a to j with a description 1 to 10 of where you might
read or hear it.
close, retire, continue, rise, expire, start, leave, take off, open, take place.
a. Mrs. Douglas retires
at the end of this term, and we wish her all happiness for the
future.
b. There has been a change to the schedule and your flight now________ at 18.40.
c. The exhibition _____________ until 31 December. Don't miss it.
d. The match ________________ at three o'clock, so please be here by two.
e. The opening ceremony _______________ on 27 July.
f. Saturday 18 March. The sun ________________ at 6.08.
g. The licence for this software ___________ one year from the agreement date.
h. This offer ________________ on 30 September so buy now to avoid
disappointment!
i. The 4.30 to York ___________________ from Platform 1. Cross the footbridge at
the end of this platform.
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