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of talking about the relations between texts, which may or may not be indicated
by formal markers of cohesion. Beaugrande/Dressler define coherence as a
“continuity of senses” and “the mutual access and relevance within a
configuration of concepts and relations” . Coherence, as a sub-surface feature of a
text, concerns the ways in which the meanings within a text (concepts, relations
among them and their relations to the external world) are established and
developed. Some of the major relations of coherence are logical sequences, such
as cause-consequence (and so), condition-consequence (if), instrument-
achievement (by), contrast (however), compatibility (and), etc. Moreover, it is the
general ´aboutness´, i.e., the topic development which provides a text with
necessary integrity; even in the absence of overt links, a text may be perceived as
coherent (i.e., as making sense), as in various lists, charts, timetables, menus.
Coherence is present when a text makes sense because there is a continuity
of senses which holds a text together – it has to be semantically and logically OK.
George entered the room. He saw Mary cleaning the table.
John fell and broke his neck. (?) John broke his neck and fell.
3. Textual Categories
The textual category is a property characterizing every text, in other words,
it is a typological feature of a text. Textual categories appear and function only in
the text as a language unit of the highest rank. It is important to remember that the
text is never modeled by one textual category but always by a totality of
categories. It is sometimes regarded as a total of categories.
Today the list of textual categories is open: linguists name different textual
categories because they approach the text from different angles. Most scholars
differentiate between contensive and structural categories. However, some
linguists draw a strict demarcation line between the two while others do not. The
most commonly identified textual categories include:
1) divisibility – the text can be divided into parts, chapters and paragraphs
dealing with specific topics, therefore having some formal and semantic
independence;
