Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка. Тивьяева И.В. - 59 стр.

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59
Adjectives can sometimes be postpositive, that is, they can sometimes
follow the item they modify.
Adjectives can often function as heads of noun phrases
. As such, they do not
inflect for number and for the genitive case and must take a definite determiner.
An adjective can function as a verbless clause
(eg. Anxious, he dialed the
number).
2. Classification of adjectives
Semantic classification
All the adjectives are traditionally divided into two large subclasses:
qualitative
and relative. Relative adjectives express such properties of a substance
as are determined by the direct relation of the substance to some other substance.
E.g. mathematics — mathematical precision; history — a historical event.
Qualitative adjectives, as different from relative ones, denote various qualities of
substances which admit of a quantitative estimation, i.e. of establishing their
correlative quantitative measure. The measure of a quality can be estimated as high
or low, adequate or inadequate, sufficient or insufficient, optimal or excessive. The
ability of an adjective to form degrees of comparison is usually taken as a formal
sign of its qualitative character, in opposition to a relative adjective which is
understood as incapable of forming degrees of comparison by definition.
However, in actual speech the described principle of distinction is not
strictly observed. Substances can possess qualities that are incompatible with the
idea of degrees of comparison. So adjectives denoting these qualities and incapable
of forming degrees of comparison still belong to the qualitative subclass (extinct,
immobile, deaf, final, fixed, etc.) On the other hand, some relative adjectives can
form degrees of comparison. Cf.: a grammatical topic — a purely grammatical
topic — the most grammatical of the suggested topics.
Prof. Blokh suggests that distinction be based on the evaluative function of
adjectives. According as they actually give some qualitative evaluation to the
substance referent or only point out its corresponding native property, all the
adjective functions may be grammatically divided into "evaluative
" and

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