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the hose was led into the rooms through a window or door. Best
known for the vacuum cleaner that bears his name, Jim Kirby’s
life goal was to reduce or eliminate drudgery wherever it ex-
isted. After watching his mother's cleaning effort result in the
dust settling back onto everything in the house, he developed his
concept of a vacuum cleaner. His first cleaner, invented in 1906.
used water for dirt separation. In 1907, displeased with the
unpleasant task of disposing of dirty water, he went back to
work and designed a system that used centrifugal action and
cloth to filter the dirt. After World War I, Mr. Kirby agreed to
design vacuum cleaners exclusively for George Scott and Carl
Fetzer. Over the ensuing years, he developed numerous
innovative cleaner designs. The Ezee vacuum cleaner (pictured
at left), nicknamed the "Grasshopper" was one of Jim Kirby 's
early designs. Developed in 1912, it was a non-electric cleaner
designed to serve households in rural communities without
access to electrical power. Later, the non-electric Vacuette
model, manufactured by Scott and Fetzer, became the
forerunner of today's multi-attachment models. In 1935, Scott
and Fetzer introduced the model C, the first of a long line of
products to carry Kirby 's name. Jim Kirby continued to work on
new ideas for the company into the 1960 s.
IV. Comprehension check.
1. Find the synonyms for each of the given word.
1. manual a) hand-operated
2. dispose b) new
3. innovative c) retried (of)
4. forerunner d) transform
5. change e) subject
6. continue f) go on
2. Fill in the blanks with words from the box:
mouthpiece, bellows, equip, drudgery, improvements.
1. To make his family living, Antonio had to do ________.
2. The ______ of the first vacuum cleaner were very big.
3. The_______ of my cleaner got broken.
4. To start working on the doctor’s idea we must______the
laboratory with all the necessary instruments.
5. Due to the ____made by our engineers all the machines
were sold.
3. Read the text again to decide if the statements are true or
false. Correct the false ones using the facts from the text.
1. The first vacuum cleaner was made in the 18
th
century and
it was hand-operated.
2. It was difficult for one person to operate the first cleaner
because the mouthpiece was heavy.
3. The first cleaner blew dust into the air.
4. In 1901 Hurbert Booth used a filter to suck the dust away.
5. Some machines were so big that householders had to leave
them outdoors and only the hose was led into the rooms.
6. In 1912 Mr. Kirly invented a vacuum cleaner operated
without electricity.
7. The machine produced by Scott and Fetzer became the
predecessor of the modern cleaners.
8. Jim Kirly worked for George Fetzer and Carl Scott Till
the 1960s.
4. What do you think
1. What was the drawback of early vacuum cleaners?
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