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trialization. The basic principle that they follow is that all life on Earth is
connected and it is supposed to fit together harmoniously, although we have
seen over time that it does not.
Sustainable development, which is loosely the idea of meeting the
needs of the present without compromising the ability for future generations
to meet their own needs, is a very important field of study. Ecologists study
how humans consume and produce for their own personal, short-term
benefit, without considering the long-term effects of their actions. Ecologists
try and promote sustainability ideas, getting more people to understand that
we must sometimes act in ways that will help the future environment and
ecosystem.
The vision of an ecologist as a bearded, outdoorsy, mountain-man stand-
ing on a pile of litter is based on about 1 out of 100 of all ecologists. “We’re
not all Grizzly Adams!” wrote one ecological scientist, and she is right; the
most accurate picture of an ecologist would be in a lab coat analyzing vol-
umes of collected data. Some fieldwork is required-at the most, three to six
months per year, but more often two to four weeks per year. Ecologists also
work with scientific and mathematical models to analyze and interpret corre-
lations between actions and effects on the environment.
Ecologists usually specialize in one or more of the following biological
areas: botany, marine biology, microbiology, soil science, toxicology, zool-
ogy or related disciplines concerned with conservation of the environment.
Often working as part of multi-disciplinary teams, ecologists conduct re-
search studies into problems such as the effects of dam construction, mining,
logging and recreational use on natural habitats, the management of fish,
wildlife and forestry resources, and the effects of pollutants discharged into
the air by factories or vehicles on natural vegetation and wildlife.
Some ecologists work for not-for-profit environmental groups; others
work for large corporations or the government. Ecologists need to be safety
conscious and take all necessary precautions as they may be exposed to
hazardous chemicals or travel in dangerous areas.
14. Add to the list of tasks of industrial hygienists.
15. Complete the sentences with the words.
Simulation, reliability, conservation, sustainable, safety, conditions, sam-
ples, relationships, excessive, hazards.
The purpose of ecologists’ job is to study the 1)________________ of
people and their environment. They are concerned with
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