Английский для бакалавров. Валиулина Т.Н - 249 стр.

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248
b) with an equivalent of the modal verb.
1. The students were unable to do the work without their teacher’s help. He had
to help them. 2. You needn’t take these documents with you. 3. You were to consult
the dictionary. 4. He had to work much before he was able to complete his research. 5.
You will have to show your research work to your scientific adviser. 6. Nobody was
able to understand this mysterious phenomenon. 7. As the student was late he was not
allowed to enter the classroom.
II. Substitute the equivalents for modal verbs. Translate the sentences.
1. Electronic machines can add, subtract, multiply and divide much quicker than
man. 2. The conference on economic problems in Russia must take place next month.
3. You may use these new devices for your research. 4. With the help of this new
design the scientist could develop new methods of solving the problem. 5. The student
may not leave the lab if his experiment is not over. 6. Most people must work in order
to earn their living.
III. Put a predicate of the following sentences in Past and Future Simple, change the
adverbial modifier of time where it is necessary. Translate the sentences.
1. We must study the fundamentals of economics. 2. These students may work
at the computer class from 9 to 12 today. 3. She can use different methods in her
research work. 4. The students must explain how the economic system works. 5.
Economists must study our everyday life.
IV. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the functions of the verbs to be, to have.
1. Studying economics is of great importance for future specialists. 2. Every
student is to study economics for some years. 3. The quality of these goods is very
high. 4. You will have to do it in time. 5. He was to come there yesterday. 6. The
students are not at the auditorium. They are to be at the conference. 7. He had much
work to do. He had to work hard to complete it in time. 8. Scientists have developed
new methods to solve this problem. They will have to make some reports on it. 9. You
want to have a new house. You will have to work hard.
V. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the different ways of expressing
obligation.
1. We must explain the work of this system. 2. One should study hard to be a
good specialist. 3. This problem is very complex. You have to think it over properly.
4. We ought to say that this phenomenon is worth investigating. 5. We should be
prepared for scientific study of management in industry. 6. Laws must serve people. 7.
The lecture is to begin at 6 o’clock. We ought to come in time. 8. You were to come to
my place yesterday. Why didn’t you do that ? 9. He will have to improve his
knowledge of English.
VI. Make the sentences a) interrogative; b) negative.

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