Английский для бакалавров. Валиулина Т.Н - 61 стр.

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61
не слушаю. 11. Я обедаю дома, а где ты обедаешь ? 12. Он часто ходит в
кино, а мы редко ходим. 13. Обычно я делаю уроки вечером. А ты когда их
делаешь ?
Р А Б О Т А С Т Е К С Т О М
Text A. Education in the Russian Federation
Russians have always shown a great concern for education. The right to
education is stated in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. It is ensured by
compulsory secondary schools, vocational schools, and higher education
establishments. It is also ensured by the development of extramural and evening
courses and the system of state scholarships and grants.
Education in Russia is compulsory up to the 9th form inclusive. The
stages of compulsory schooling in Russia are: primary education for ages 6-7 to
9-10 inclusive; secondary education including intermediate school for ages 10-
11 to 12-13 inclusive, and senior school for ages 13-14 to 14-15 inclusive. If a
pupil of a secondary school wishes to go on in higher education, he or she must
stay at school for two more years. Primary and secondary school together
comprise 11 years of study. Every school has a “core curriculum” of academic
subjects, such as Russian, Literature, Mathematics, History, a foreign language,
PT. Lycees and gymnasiums offer programs giving profound knowledge in
some field of study.
After finishing the 9th form one can go on to a vocational school which
offers programmes of academic subjects and a programme of training in a
technical field, or a profession.
After finishing the 11th form of a secondary school, a lycee or a
gymnasium one can go on in higher education. All applicants must take
competitive entrance examinations. Higher education institutions, that is,
institutes or universities, offer a 5-year programme of academic subjects for
undergraduates in a variety of fields, as well as a post graduate course. If one
finishes a post graduate course and writes a thesis, he or she receives a
candidate’s degree or a doctoral degree.
Higher educational establishments are headed by Rectors. Prorectors are
in charge of academic and scientific work. Each institute or university has a
number of faculties, specializing in a certain field of study. The faculties are
headed by the Deans. There are departments within the faculties.
The system of secondary and higher education in Russia is going through
a transitional period. The main objectives of the reform are: to decentralize the

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