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EDUCATION
TEXT
Ex. 1. Read and translate the texts.
Education in Russia
I
In our country all children receive compulsory education for
the first eight years at school, which gives them a broad base for
further study in whatever direction they may choose. In the schools
the choosing of careers is made easier in a variety of ways. Visits are
arranged to factories and enterprises, people of different professions
come and talk to the school leavers, form teachers discuss the problem
with them.
Most schools nowadays have, in the two top classes, a bias,
which leads to a specialty, such as mathematics, computer
programming, physics, or foreign languages. So after the eighth
form, at the age of 14-15, young people may transfer to another
school according to their special interests. It is up to the children
and their parents to decide or choose their future career.
There exist technical colleges, which give a general education
as well as preparation for a profession. Those who wish to get some
training leading directly to a job may join a specialized college where
they receive a general education and the school certificate of education,
in addition to a certificate in the specialty they have chosen.
II
Every year thousands of young men and women enter
Universities and Institutes of Higher Education. Moscow and St.
Petersburg Universities may be the aim of many applicants although
there are many more institutions all over Russia where students get
their higher education in various subjects. Besides day departments
there are evening and extra-mural (or correspondence) departments
for part-time students who work during the day.
The applicants go in for entrance examinations in July and
August before the new academic year begins. A written examination
in the Russian language is compulsory as well as oral examination in
the subjects the students are going to major courses.
