Английский для бакалавров. Зарубина Л.П - 47 стр.

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south. It was under siege for 45 days, but the fascists were not able to step into city
limits. The city takes pride that throughout its 800-year history, no enemy has ever
penetrated it. Historically, the city was famed as the samovar manufacturing center
and for its gun-making for the armies of Czar.
But its metal-working history, whether on samovars or guns, has also made it a
city famed for metal mechanics. Today Tula is one of the major machine manufactur-
ing cities.
In Tula, as in most old cities of Russia, the people cherish their history and tradi-
tion, and stress it to visitors. And it is not only good-natured talk about the superiority
of tea from their charcoal-burning samovars, with the special Tula cakes. They take
pride that Tolstoy lived and wrote in Yasnaya Polyana, his estate just outside Tula.
‘You must see it!’ they tell every visitor.
XVI. Read the following selections using a dictionary.
DO YOU KNOW THAT …
… the Tula guberniya was established in 1777, and in 1937, it was renamed Tula
region. The region’s coat of arms, inherited from the former guberniya and officially
approved in 1778, shows crossed silver blades, a rifle barrel and two hammers on a
field of red, which symbolizes Tula as a weapons forge and Russia’s defender.
… the region’s inhabitants revere their cultural heritage. Major historical and
cultural relics and monuments include the Kulikovo Field (the site of the historical
battle in 1380 between the troops of Moscow’s Prince Dmitry Donskoi and Tatar-
Mongol hordes), the Kremlin (1514-1521) with an Assumption cathedral (1762-
1764), an Annunciation church (1692), the museum estate of the great Russian writer
Leo Tolstoy at Yasnaya Polyana, and the national reserve and memorial museum of
the outstanding Russian artist Vasily Polenov at Polenovo. There are many memori-
als associated with heroic deeds performed during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-
1945.
… the bathing health resort at Krainka, 107 km west of Tula, offers a network
of rest homes, boarding houses and tourist centres on the banks of rivers in the vicin-
ity of Yasnaya Polyana.
… many legends are associated with Tula skilful workers. Nikolai Leskov’s tale
‘Levsha’ is an example.
… not a single enemy has ever been to Tula. Our city has always been a fortress
in the defence of our Motherland.
… Leo Tolstoy lived in Yasnaya Polyana for 60 of his 80 years.

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