Architecture. Зайцева И.В. - 34 стр.

period, architecture, painting and sculpture were integrated into decorative ensembles.
Architects used sculpture to support the members of a building, painters decorated the
walls and vaults of churches with false architectural perspectives, sculptors introduced
colour in their works in the spirit of a painter.
        The Baroque rapidly developed into two separate forms: the strongly Roman

Catholic counties (Italy, Spain, Portugal, Flanders, Bohemia, Southern Germany,

Australia and Poland) tended toward freer and more active architectural forms and

surfaces; in Protestant regions (England, the Netherlands and the remainder of Northern

Europe) architecture was more restrained and developed a quiet monumentality

impressive in its refinement.

        The greatest works of this style are Hardouin - Mansart's Dome des Invalides,
Paris; the church of Santa Susanna, Versailles; National Palace in Madrid; Royal Palace
at Caserta.
        The Rococo is assumed to have been the late phase of the Baroque, primarily
French in origin. The style was first inspired by the shell - encrusted artificial fountains
and grottoes at Versailles. This style refined the robust architecture of the 17th century to
suit elegant 18th century tastes. Vivid colours were replaced by pastel shades; diffuse
light flooded the building volume; violent surface relief was replaced by smooth
flowing masses with emphasis only at isolated points. One can find intermingling of
shells, C - and S - scrolls, rocks, seaweed, ribbons and carving and irregular acanthus
foliation. Churches and palaces still demonstrated an integration of the three arts, but
the building structure was lightened to render interiors graceful and ethereal. Rococo
architects reduced column size to a minimum. In churches, the ceilings of side aisles
were raised to the height of the nave ceiling unify the space from wall to wall.
        The finest examples of the Rococo style are Church of Carmine, Turin, Italy

(1732); Pilgrimage Church, Steinhausen, near Biberach, Germany (1728); Saint -

Jacques, Luneville, France (1730).




Notes to the text

obstacle - препятствие
pearl - жемчуг
interpenetration - взаимопроникновение
vivid - яркий
hidden - скрытый