English for Managers. Аристова Е.В. - 24 стр.

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УлГТУ | Ульяновск

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The national labour forces are those people who are available for work within
the nation, i. e. the working population. It should be noted that any person engaged in
private business is self-employed and his activities are partly those of an employer
and partly those of an employee. If however he employs an assistant, to whom he
pays a fixed wage, his new employee provides labour in return for payment. The
employer receives the surplus (large or small) from the whole business. This surplus
is the reward of private enterprise and is known as profit.
EXERCISES
1. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
a means of exchange, a means of measuring, in return for a fixed payment, in the
strict economic sense, financial reward, in terms of money, human labour,
distinctions of social class, payment of wages, national labour force, it should be
noted, self-employed, fixed wage, to receive surplus, reward of private enterprise
2. Make sentences by adding a suitable beginning to the following:
1 but with the payment of wages in return of work.
2 is not labour in the strict economic sense.
3 is known as profit.
4 in return for a fixed payment.
5 the working population.
6 also a means of measuring the value of men's labour.
3. Complete the following sentences in any way you like.
1. In economic theory
2. It should be noted that
3. As a scientist, the economist
4. In economics, money
5. Human labour
6. The national labour force
4. Answer some questions on the Text:
1 .What is money, in addition to being a means of exchange?
2. What, in economic theory, is "labour"?
3. Why is a mother's work not "labour"?
4. What does the economist measure?
5. What two words are used to describe the money standard?
6. What common factor relates to the work of the nurse and the farmworker?
7. What is labour (in the economic sense) not concerned with?
8. What does the employer receive instead of money?
9. What is the reward of private enterprise called?
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