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LESSON I
RAILWAY POWER SUPPLY
Exercise 1. Study the meaning of the following words:
1) propel
-
приводить в движение, продвигать;
propulsion – движущая сила
2) power supply - энергоснабжение;
3) traction (diesel, electric) - тяга (дизельная, электрическая);
4) steam locomotives (engines) - паровые локомотивы;
5) efficient - эффективный;
6) power station (plant) - электростанция;
7) produce electric current - производить электрический ток;
8) tractive effort (power) - тяговая сила;
9) air pollutant - загрязнение атмосферы;
air pollutant - загрязняющий агент;
10) prime mover - источник энергии;
11) turbotrain - турбопоезд;
12) gas-turbine engine - газотурбинный двигатель;
13) power car - вагон энергоснабжения;
14) horse power (hp, HP) - лошадиная сила; мощность.
Exercise 2. Answer the following questions:
1) What types of engines may trains be propelled by? 2) How do you think, what
types of locomotives - steam, diesel or electric - may be used for heavy
mainline service? 3) What type of tractive power did the first locomotives run
on? 4) What type of locomotive is more expensive to build - diesel or electric?
5) Have you heard of trains propelled by gas-turbine engines? Give your
examples, if any.
Exercise 3. Read and translate the text using the words from exercise 1.
RAILWAY POWER SUPPLY.
Trains may be propelled by various types of engines: diesel, electric or
aircraft ones. Hence, railway power supply is based on diesel or electric
traction.
First locomotives were steam ones, they played an enormous part in
acceptance railways as the dominant means of inland transport in the last
century. Without it we might not have our present national networks of
railways. However, nowadays steam locomotives are on their way out in
many counties. The reason is that, first of all, diesel and electric locomotives
which taking place of the former steam engines, are available for work over
much longer periods, can maintain a higher average speed and are less
costly. In fact, steam engines were never efficient in turning coal into energy
- only about 7 per cent of the available heat was used (the same coal could
be better used in a power station to produce electric current to drive an
electric locomotive.
