Электромагнитные солитоны. Астахов С.А - 6 стр.

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ɝɞɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ f ɢ g ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ.
ȼ (2) ɩɟɪɜɨɟ ɫɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɡɚ
ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɸ ɜ ɰɟɩɨɱɤɟ, ɜɬɨɪɨɟɡɚ
ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ. Ɍɪɟɬɶɟ ɫɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɟ ɞɚɺɬ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɫɬɶ. Ȼɭɞɟɦ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ,
ɱɬɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɫɥɚɛɨɦɭ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɢɸ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨ, ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ, ɭ ɢɫɤɨɦɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɹɜɧɚɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɬ
x, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɟ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɜɨɥɧɵ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɥɢɧɢɢ.
Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɨɥɧɵ, ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ
ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ (ɨɞɧɨɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɟ).
Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɜ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ (2) ɞɟɥɚɟɦ ɡɚɦɟɧɭ u(x,t)
ou(x,[), ɝɞɟ
[
x
v
t
0
. Ɉɬɛɪɨɫɢɜ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɟ,
ɫɬɚɪɲɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɩɨ
ɯ (ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ u(x)), ɢ
ɩɪɨɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɜ ɩɨ
[, ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ
ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ Ʉɞȼ:
w
w
DU
w
w[
EU
w
w[
u
x
u
uu

3
3
0. (3)
ȼɧɺɦ
U LC
0
ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ
D
dC
du
u0
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɫɬɢ,
E
CC
v
01
0
2
12
24
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɢɢ.
Ȼɭɞɟɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɦɢ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ
ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɧɵɦ. ɋɞɟɥɚɟɦ ɟɳɺ ɨɞɧɭ ɡɚɦɟɧɭ u(x,[)ou(T), ɝɞɟ
T xvt
ɋɌ
. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɢɦɟɬɶ: