Волокна и ткани в текстильной промышленности. Биева Е.Г. - 5 стр.

ЛЕКСИЧЕСКИЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

I. Расположите слова в алфавитном порядке, догадайтесь о их значении без словаря.

   classification, modern, textile, manufacture, group, natural, cotton, nature, generate, class,
   mineral, jute, cellulose, material, structural, base, substance


II. Разбейте слова на группы по частям речи.

   classify, classification; natural, nature; fibre, fibrous; produce, production;
   structure, structural; important, importance ; useful ; idustry, industrial.


III. Переведите словосочетания.

   textile industry; textile manufacture;
   natural fibers; synthetic fibres; fibrous form;
   structural material;
   plant world; animal world;
   complex substance; fibre-forming substance;
   industrial fabrics


IV. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

                          CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE FIBRES

    The fibres used in modern textile manufacture can be classified into two main groups: a)
natural fibres and b) man-made fibres . Natural fibres are cotton, wool,
silk, and flax. They are provided by nature in an fibrous form . In man-made fibres man has
generated a fibre for himself from something which was not in a fibrous form.
    Natural fibres can be subdivided into three main classes according to the nature of their
source: a) vegetable fibres; b) animal fibres; c) mineral fibres.
    Vegetable fibres include the most important of all textile fibres – cotton, flax, hemp, jute.
They are based on cellulose – a structural material in the plant world.
    Animal fibres include wool and other hair-like* fibres and silk. This animal fibres are
based on proteins – the complex substance from which animal body is made.
    Mineral fibres are of limited importance in the textile trade. Asbestos is the most useful
fibres of this class. It is made into special fire-proof* and industrial fabrics.
      Man-made fibres can be subdivided into two classes: a) regenerated fibres and
b) synthetic fibres.
      In regenerated fibres nature has created a substance (cellulose and proteins) capable of
taking on a fibrous form . Man uses these substance as a raw material for fibre. So we have
regenerated fibres made from the proteins of peanuts and milk, maize, and soya beans.
      Synthetic fibres are those in which man performs the entire operation of fibre-production.
These fibres are made by man from simple chemicals derived from coal and oil.