Методические указания по теме "Город". Богомолова А.Ю - 5 стр.

      Like London, Moscow was never planned. It grew up around its center, which
had been surrounded by a wooden wall by the first residents. The wooden wall was
later replaced by a brick one, and palaces, cathedrals and churches were built inside
it, forming what is now known as the Kremlin.
      Unlike old cities, such as London or Moscow, that grew by themselves, without
any preliminary architectural plans, cities built later were planned by architects be-
fore construction started.
      The best example of a Russian city built according to a plan is St. Petersburg,
founded by Peter the Great. He wanted to found a new capital for his new Russia, and
for this purpose chose a territory on the Baltic Sea that had been taken over by Russia
after a war with Sweden. It was a swampy land on which it was extremely difficult to
build anything, but a convenient place for a port that could give Russia an outlet to
the seas and other countries. The city was built in the record time but it required an
enormous effort and cost a large number of human lives. The city is famous for its
wonderful planning, and its magnificent palaces, monuments, cathedrals, and other
places of interest.

   1.6 Find English equivalents in the text

в середине первого века до нашей эры;
подобно многим другим очень старым городам;
со временем, с течением времени;
деловой центр страны;
то, что известно сейчас, как…;
к середине первого века нашей эры;
примерно в то же самое время;
выбрал это место за его красоту и удобное расположение;
когда были установлены первые торговые связи;
произносим названия по-своему;
без предварительного плана;
с этой целью;
выход к морям;
в рекордные сроки;
это потребовало больших усилий;
славится замечательной планировкой;

   1.7 Answer the questions

1)When did Julius Caesar invade the British Isles?
2)Were any people already living there at that time?
3)Did the Romans find any human settlement on the Thames?
4)Was London built according to an architectural plan?
5)Did it grow around only one center like most cities?
6)Do you think the Thames played an important part in its development?
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