Основы языка программирования C++ с применением объектно-ориентированного программирования. Чернышов М.К. - 36 стр.

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cin – ɞɥɹ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ,
cout – ɞɥɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ,
cerr – ɜɵɜɨɞ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɯ ɛɟɡ ɛɭɮɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ,
clog – ɜɵɜɨɞ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɯ ɫ ɛɭɮɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ.
ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɡɧɚɤɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɤɢ
<<, ɚ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ - ɡɧɚɤɢ
>>, ɬɟ ɠɟ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɫɞɜɢɝɚ. Ʉɨɦɩɢɥɹɬɨɪ
ɩɨ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ, ɤɚɤɭɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɡɚɞɚɸɬ ɷɬɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ, ɜɜɨɞ-
ɜɵɜɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɜɢɝ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɜɜɨɞɚ-ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɋɢ++ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɛɵɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɮɚɣɥ-ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɨɤ
iostream.h:
#include <iostream.h>
ȼ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɯ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɧɞɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ,
ɩɪɚɜɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɧɞɨɦ – ɜɵɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɰɟɩɨɱɤɢ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ
<<, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
cout<<"x1="<<x1<<" x2 =" <<x2<<"\n";
Ⱦɥɹ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɟ
ɢ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ. ɗɬɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɦɨɠ-
ɧɨ ɦɟɧɹɬɶ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɬɨɪɚɦɢ.
ȼ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɧɞɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɜɜɨɞɚ, ɚ ɩɪɚ-
ɜɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɧɞɨɦ - ɢɦɹ ɜɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ
ɭɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɢɩɚ
char* ɞɥɹ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɫɬɪɨɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
cin>>x1>>x2>>st;
Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ-ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɨ, ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɟɧ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ
((cin>>x1)>>x2)>>st; ɢɥɢ ɬɪɟɦ ɨɩɟɪɚ-
ɬɨɪɚɦ
cin >> x1;
cin >> x2;
cin >> st;
ȼ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɡɚɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ
ɭ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɞɜɚ ɰɟɥɵɯ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧ ɢɯ ɫɭɦɦɭ:
#include <iostream.h>
int x, y;
int main()
{
cout<<"x="; cin>>x; // Ɂɚɩɪɨɫ ɢ ɜɜɨɞ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ x
cout<<"\n y="; cin>>y; // Ɂɚɩɪɨɫ ɢ ɜɜɨɞ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ y
cout<<"\n" << "x+y="<<x+y;
return 0;
}
36
cin – ɞɥɹ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ,
cout – ɞɥɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ,
cerr – ɜɵɜɨɞ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɯ ɛɟɡ ɛɭɮɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ,
clog – ɜɵɜɨɞ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɨɛ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɯ ɫ ɛɭɮɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ.
    ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɡɧɚɤɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɤɢ <<, ɚ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ - ɡɧɚɤɢ >>, ɬɟ ɠɟ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɫɞɜɢɝɚ. Ʉɨɦɩɢɥɹɬɨɪ
ɩɨ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ, ɤɚɤɭɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɡɚɞɚɸɬ ɷɬɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ, ɜɜɨɞ-
ɜɵɜɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɜɢɝ.
    ɑɬɨɛɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɜɜɨɞɚ-ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɋɢ++ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɛɵɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɮɚɣɥ-ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɨɤ iostream.h:
     #include 
    ȼ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɯ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɧɞɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ,
ɩɪɚɜɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɧɞɨɦ – ɜɵɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɰɟɩɨɱɤɢ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ <<, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
     cout<<"x1="<>x1>>x2>>st;
    Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɜɨɞɚ-ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɨ, ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɟɧ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ((cin>>x1)>>x2)>>st; ɢɥɢ ɬɪɟɦ ɨɩɟɪɚ-
ɬɨɪɚɦ
     cin >> x1;
     cin >> x2;
     cin >> st;
    ȼ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɡɚɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ
ɭ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɞɜɚ ɰɟɥɵɯ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧ ɢɯ ɫɭɦɦɭ:
     #include 
     int x, y;
     int main()
       {
       cout<<"x="; cin>>x;              // Ɂɚɩɪɨɫ ɢ ɜɜɨɞ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ x
       cout<<"\n y="; cin>>y;           // Ɂɚɩɪɨɫ ɢ ɜɜɨɞ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ y
       cout<<"\n" << "x+y="<

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