Пусковые системы ГТД. Чигрин В.С - 5 стр.

UptoLike

Составители: 

5
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɨɜ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɟ ɚɤ-
ɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɢɥɢ ɬɭɪɛɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɫ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɨɫɬɨ-
ɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ȼɋɍ Ⱥɂ-8 ɧɚ ɜɟɪɬɨɥɟɬɟ Ɇɢ-6). ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɣ
ȼɋɍ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤ-
ɬɨɦ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ, ɭɥɭɱɲɚɟɬ ɜɟɫɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟ-
ɦɵ. ɇɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɷɪɨɞɪɨɦɚɯ ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱ-
ɧɢɤɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɨɬ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ.
ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ-
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɹ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɜɭɯ ɷɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɲɢɧɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɧɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ
ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ
ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ. Ɋɨɬɨɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɤɢɧɟ-
ɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫ ɪɨɬɨɪɨɦ ȽɌȾ, ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɟ ɨɬ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɣ.
ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɤɨɦɩɚɤɬɧɵ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜ
ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚɯ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɵ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ȽɌȾ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ.1.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1
Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ,
ɤȼɬ
ɉɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ
ɱɢɫɥɨ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ
ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ
ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ
ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢ-
ɦɟ, ȼ
ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-
ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ-
ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ
ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-
ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ-
ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ
Ɇɚɫɫɚ, ɤɝ
ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, Ⱥ
Ⱦɢɚɩɚ-
ɡɨɧ ɪɚ-
ɛɨɱɢɯ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬ
ɜɪɚɳɟ-
ɧɢɹ,
ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ
Ɍȼ2-117 Ƚɋ-18ɆɈ 24 – 48 26 18 2,439 2,439 40 1000
5000 –
9000
Ⱦ-25ȼ ɋɌȽ-12ɌɆ 24 – 48 12 – 15 12 2,54 0,802 31 500
4200 –
9000
Ⱥɂ-20
ɋɌȽ-
12ɌɆɈ-
1000
24 – 48 12 – 15 12 1,708 1,853 30 450
4200 –
9000
ȽɌȾ-3ɆɋɌȽ-6Ɇ 24 – 48 6 – 10 6 1,02 0,323 28 200
4000 –
9000
ȽɌȾ-350 ɋɌȽ-3 24 – 48 3 – 9 3 0,25 0,25 16 100
6000 –
11000
ɉɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ
6 – 8-ɩɨɥɸɫɧɭɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɫ
ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɛɨɪɬɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ.
ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɢ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɟ ɜɤɥɸ-
ɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ (ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɢ – 24 ȼ, ɡɚɬɟɦ
– 48 ȼ). ɗɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɯ ɚɤ-
                                                                           5
      ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɨɜ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɟ ɚɤ-
ɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɢɥɢ ɬɭɪɛɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɫ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɨɫɬɨ-
ɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ȼɋɍ Ⱥɂ-8 ɧɚ ɜɟɪɬɨɥɟɬɟ Ɇɢ-6). ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɣ
ȼɋɍ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤ-
ɬɨɦ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ, ɭɥɭɱɲɚɟɬ ɜɟɫɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟ-
ɦɵ. ɇɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɷɪɨɞɪɨɦɚɯ ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱ-
ɧɢɤɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ – ɨɬ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ.
      ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ-
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɹ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɜɭɯ ɷɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ – ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɧɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ
ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ – ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ. Ɋɨɬɨɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɤɢɧɟ-
ɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫ ɪɨɬɨɪɨɦ ȽɌȾ, ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɟ ɨɬ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɣ.
      ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɤɨɦɩɚɤɬɧɵ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜ
ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚɯ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɵ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ȽɌȾ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ.1.
                                                                  Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1
                                                                                  ɉɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ                                           Ⱦɢɚɩɚ-
              ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ




                                                                                                                       ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ
                                      ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢ-




                                                           Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ,                 ɱɢɫɥɨ                                               ɡɨɧ ɪɚ-
                                        ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ




                                                             ɤȼɬ



                                                                                                                         ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, Ⱥ
  Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ




                                                                                                           Ɇɚɫɫɚ, ɤɝ                      ɛɨɱɢɯ
                                            ɦɟ, ȼ




                                                                                                                                         ɱɚɫɬɨɬ
                                                         ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ



                                                                     ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ

                                                                                  ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ


                                                                                              ɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ
                                                                     Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ-




                                                                                              Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ-
                                                          ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-




                                                                                   ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-




                                                                                                                                         ɜɪɚɳɟ-
                                                                                                                                           ɧɢɹ,
                                                                                                                                         ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ

                                                                                                                                         5000 –
Ɍȼ2-117          Ƚɋ-18ɆɈ               24 – 48              26        18          2,439       2,439        40            1000             9000
                                                                                                                                         4200 –
 Ⱦ-25ȼ        ɋɌȽ-12ɌɆ                 24 – 48           12 – 15      12           2,54       0,802        31              500            9000
                       ɋɌȽ-
 Ⱥɂ-20                12ɌɆɈ-           24 – 48           12 – 15      12          1,708       1,853        30              450           4200 –
                        1000                                                                                                              9000
                                                                                                                                         4000 –
ȽɌȾ-3Ɇ                ɋɌȽ-6Ɇ           24 – 48           6 – 10        6           1,02       0,323        28              200            9000
                                                                                                                                         6000 –
ȽɌȾ-350                       ɋɌȽ-3    24 – 48            3–9          3           0,25        0,25        16              100           11000

      ɉɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ
6 – 8-ɩɨɥɸɫɧɭɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɫ
ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɛɨɪɬɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ.
      ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɢ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɟ ɜɤɥɸ-
ɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ (ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɢ – 24 ȼ, ɡɚɬɟɦ
– 48 ȼ). ɗɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɯ ɚɤ-