Системы топливопитания ГТД. Чигрин В.С - 15 стр.

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15
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɦ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɞɜɭɯɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɵɯ ɢ ɩɥɭɧɠɟɪɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɬ
ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ, ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ
ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɩɪɭɠɢɧ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɩɥɭɧɠɟɪɨɜ.
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ ɧɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɦ
ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɟ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɨɱɟɪɟɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɡɚɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɠɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɩɨɞ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ.
ȼ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɢɟɪɟ ɷɬɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɢ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɟ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
(ɪɢɫ. 11). ȼ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɟ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɡɚɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɣ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɚ ɟɝɨ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɯɨɞ ɜ ɧɚɫɨɫ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶ
ɫɥɢɜɚ. ɋ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ.
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɚɦɢ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɹɹ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ ɫ ɦɚɥɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥ
ɤɨɧɭɫɚ ɪɚɫɩɵɥɚ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɟ.
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ, ɩɪɢɫɭɳɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɯɟɦɚɦ, ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ
ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɜɭɯɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɣ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɟ (ɪɢɫ. 12). ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ
ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɚɯ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɤɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɢɰɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɯ
ɧɚ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɬɟɤɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
ɢɡ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ.
Ɋɢɫ. 11. ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
ɉȿɊȿɉɍɋɄȺ
G
Ɏ
G
6
G
Ɏ
P'
G
6
G
ɉȿɊȿɉɍɋɄȺ
G
ɎɈɊɋɍɇɄɂ
G
c
d
11
, PG
6
G
22
, PG
Ʉɥɚɩɚɧ
ȺɊɌ
Ɋɢɫ. 12. ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɞɜɭɯɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɣ
ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɨɣ
ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɣ
ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ
                                                                         15
      ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɦ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɞɜɭɯɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɵɯ ɢ ɩɥɭɧɠɟɪɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɬ
ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ, ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ
ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɩɪɭɠɢɧ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɩɥɭɧɠɟɪɨɜ.
ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ ɧɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɦ
ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɟ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɨɱɟɪɟɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɡɚɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɠɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɩɨɞ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ.
      ȼ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɢɟɪɟ ɷɬɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɢ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɟ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
(ɪɢɫ. 11). ȼ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɟ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɡɚɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɣ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɚ ɟɝɨ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɯɨɞ ɜ ɧɚɫɨɫ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶ
ɫɥɢɜɚ. ɋ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ.

                                               G
                                                                        G6
                                 GɉȿɊȿɉɍɋɄȺ

                                                           GɉȿɊȿɉɍɋɄȺ
                                          G6                             GɎ




      GɎɈɊɋɍɇɄɂ                                                              'PɎ
             Ɋɢɫ. 11. ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ

      ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɚɦɢ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɹɹ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɧɚɫɨɫɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ ɫ ɦɚɥɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥ
ɤɨɧɭɫɚ ɪɚɫɩɵɥɚ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɩɭɫɤɟ.
      ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ, ɩɪɢɫɭɳɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɯɟɦɚɦ, ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ
ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɜɭɯɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɣ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɟ (ɪɢɫ. 12). ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ
ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɚɯ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɤɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɢɰɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɯ ɧɚ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɬɟɤɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
ɢɡ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ.

            G2 , P2              Ʉɥɚɩɚɧ
                                 ȺɊɌ
                                                   Ɋɢɫ. 12. ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
                                          G6       ɞɜɭɯɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɣ
                                                   ɨɞɧɨɤɚɦɟɪɧɨɣ
                  G1 , P1                          ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɣ
                                                   ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ
                            dc

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