Основы измерений. Долгополов В.Т. - 11 стр.

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qlh jZaf_j kljmdlmju f_gvr_ jZaf_jZ iuebgdb. Bo ba]hlh\e_gb_ ijh\h^blky \
ki_pbZevguo ihf_s_gbyo – qbkluo ahgZo (kf.jbk.7.).




                                                                        Jbk.7.
Klhev `_ kbevgh baf_gbehkv eZ[hjZlhjgh_ h[hjm^h\Zgb_. ( < dZq_kl\_ ijbf_jZ gZ jbk.7
fu ijb\h^bf nhlh]jZnbx lmgg_evgh]h fbdjhkdhiZ \ fhf_gl xklbjh\db h[jZapZ. )
:dlmZevgufb klZeb baf_j_gby          \ wdklj_fZevguo mkeh\byo: ijb k\_jogbadbo
l_fi_jZlmjZo, \ hq_gv kbevguo fZ]gblguo iheyo, ijb k\_jofZeuo lhdZo, ijb \ukhdbo
^Z\e_gbyo, \ «ljm^guo» ^bZiZahgZo qZklhl».

                             8. F_lh^u baf_j_gbc.
      L_i_jv gZf ij_^klhbl h[km^blv \hijhk h lhf, dZd ijhba\h^blv kjZ\g_gb_ dZdhc-
eb[h oZjZdl_jbklbdb bkke_^m_fh]h h[t_dlZ k (\lhjbqguf) wlZehghf. KZfh_ ijhklh_
baf_j_gb_ hkms_kl\ey_lky f_lh^hf hldehg_gbc, \ dhlhjhf \lhjbqguf wlZehghf
y\ey_lky kZf baf_jbl_evguc ijb[hj.
      F_lh^ hldehg_gbc.
      < f_lh^_ hldehg_gbc ihdZaZgb_ baf_jbl_evgh]h ijb[hjZ iheghklvx hij_^_ey_l
baf_jy_fmx \_ebqbgm. Bkihevam_lky h[uqgh ^ey g_ lhqguo, gh [ukljuo baf_j_gbc. Wlhl
f_lh^ agZdhf \k_f ih klj_ehqguf we_dljhl_ogbq_kdbf ijb[hjZf, [ulh\uf \_kZf, beb
ijb[hjghfm sbldm Z\lhfh[bey.
      JZaghklguc f_lh^.
      < wlhf f_lh^_ hldehg_gb_ baf_jy_l jZaghklv f_`^m g_ba\_klghc \_ebqbghc b
[ebadbf d g_c wlZehghf. Ijb mkeh\bb lhqgh]h wlZehgZ, kms_kl\_ggh ih\urZ_l
ZddmjZlghklv baf_j_gbc ih kjZ\g_gbx k f_lh^hf hldehg_gbc. AgZdhf gZf ih [ulh\uf
]bj_\uf \_kZf, bkihevam_lky lZd`_, gZijbf_j, \ ZgZeblbq_kdbo \_kZo ijb hlkq_l_
ihke_^g_]h agZdZ ih hldehg_gbx. ?keb ijb baf_j_gbb bkihevah\Zg wlZehg agZq_gb_f p k
ih]j_rghklvx 'p b hldehg_gb_ r k lhqghklvx 'r, lh [m^_f kqblZlv baf_j_gb_
hilbfZevguf, _keb 'p='r. >ey hilbfZevgh]h baf_j_gby g_h[oh^bfh p>>r b 'p/p<<'r/r.
      Gme_\hc f_lh^.
      J_amevlZl ijb bkihevah\Zgbb wlh]h f_lh^Z iheghklvx hij_^_ey_lky lhqghklvx
wlZehgZ. Baf_jbl_evgh_ mkljhckl\h kem`bl lhevdh ^ey j_]bkljZpbb lh]h nZdlZ, qlh
\_ebqbgZ wlZehgZ kjZ\gyeZkv k baf_jy_fhc \_ebqbghc. (J_Zebam_lky \ fhklh\uo b
ihl_gpbhf_ljbq_kdbo ko_fZo.) Hldehg_gb_ j_]bkljbjmxs_]h mkljhckl\Z g_ h[yaZgh [ulv
ijhihjpbhgZevguf baf_jy_fhc \_ebqbg_. Hkgh\gh_ lj_[h\Zgb_ d baf_jbl_evghfm
mkljhckl\m – kihkh[ghklv ^_l_dlbjh\Zlv fZeu_ hldehg_gby beb, ^jm]bfb keh\Zfb,
\ukhdZy qm\kl\bl_evghklv.

     G_\_jgu_ \_ku - f_jahklv ij_^ =hkih^hf, gh ijZ\bevguc \_k m]h^_g ?fm. (Ijblqb
KhehfhgZ , ]eZ\Z 11, klbo 1). G_