Основы измерений. Долгополов В.Т. - 21 стр.

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МФТИ | Москва

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Jbk. 16. =bkl_j_abk.
Jbk.17. F_jl\Zy ahgZ.
AZ^ZqZ. <hevlf_lj i_j_f_ggh]h lhdZ ihdZau\Z_l 10 <. <u h[gZjm`beb, qlh \
<Zr_c baf_jbl_evghc ko_f_ gZ \oh^_ klhbl ihe_\hc ljZgabklhj, ijh[b\Z_fuc
ihklhygguf gZijy`_gb_f \ 13 <. Fh`gh eb ih^dexqblv baf_jbl_evgmx ko_fm
iZjZee_evgh \hevlf_ljm? Qlh [m^_l, _keb ihke_ wlh]h hldexqblv \hevlf_lj?
HibkZgb_ baf_jbl_evguo kbkl_f k ihfhsvx ^bnn_j_gpbZevguo mjZ\g_gbc.
Kbkl_fu i_j\h]h ihjy^dZ. < h[s_f kemqZ_ hibku\Zxlky mjZ\g_gb_f:
W dy/dt+ y =x
Lbibqguf ijbf_jhf baf_jbl_evghc kbkl_fu i_j\h]h ihjy^dZ y\ey_lky ]jZ^mkgbd.
>_ckl\bl_evgh, baf_g_gb_ l_fi_jZlmju jlmlb hij_^_ey_lky dhebq_kl\hf ihl\_^_ggh]h
l_ieZ
'Q = C'T.
=^_ K – l_ieh_fdhklv jlmlb. K ^jm]hc klhjhgu, dhebq_kl\h ih^\_^_ggh]h l_ieZ
hij_^_ey_lky l_ieh\uf khijhlb\e_gb_f
'Q =(T
i
–T)/R*'t.
A^_kv T
i
– baf_jy_fZy l_fi_jZlmjZ. < blh]_ bf__f mjZ\g_gb_:
RC dT/dt +T = T
i
.
I_j_oh^gZy oZjZdl_jbklbdZ kbkl_fu i_j\h]h ihjy^dZ (l._. j_Zdpby kbkl_fu gZ
kdZqdhh[jZagh_ baf_g_gb_ \oh^gh]h kb]gZeZ) bf__l \b^
y =y
0
(1 –exp(-t/W)).
Kbkl_fu \lhjh]h ihjy^dZ. Hibku\Zxlky mjZ\g_gb_f: 
                               Jbk. 16. =bkl_j_abk.




                              Jbk.17. F_jl\Zy ahgZ.

      AZ^ZqZ. _ckl\bl_evgh, baf_g_gb_ l_fi_jZlmju jlmlb hij_^_ey_lky dhebq_kl\hf ihl\_^_ggh]h
l_ieZ
                                       'Q = C'T.
=^_ K – l_ieh_fdhklv jlmlb. K ^jm]hc klhjhgu, dhebq_kl\h ih^\_^_ggh]h l_ieZ
hij_^_ey_lky l_ieh\uf khijhlb\e_gb_f
                                    'Q =(Ti –T)/R*'t.
A^_kv Ti – baf_jy_fZy l_fi_jZlmjZ. < blh]_ bf__f mjZ\g_gb_:
                                    RC dT/dt +T = Ti.
       I_j_oh^gZy oZjZdl_jbklbdZ kbkl_fu i_j\h]h ihjy^dZ (l._. j_Zdpby kbkl_fu gZ
kdZqdhh[jZagh_ baf_g_gb_ \oh^gh]h kb]gZeZ) bf__l \b^
                                   y =y0 (1 –exp(-t/W)).

      Kbkl_fu \lhjh]h ihjy^dZ. Hibku\Zxlky mjZ\g_gb_f:

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