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Jbk.67. Jbk. 68.
Jbk.67 b 68. Bah[jZ`_gZ qZklv \Zdmmfghc ljm[u, aZdjulZy aZ]emrdhc. Kh[kl\_ggh
miehlgyxsbf we_f_glhf y\ey_lky j_abgh\h_ dhe_qdh. Qlh[u hgh g_ ^_nhjfbjh\Zehkv,
dhe_qdh gZ^_\Z_lky gZ dhevp_\mx hijZ\dm, Z aZl_f \klZ\ey_lky f_`^m miehlgy_fufb
ljm[Zfb, dhlhju_ kly]b\Zxlky ohfmlbdhf.
Jbk.69 Jbk.70.
JZa[hjgu_ \Zdmmfghiehlgu_ miehlg_gby bkihevamxlky b \gmljb djbhklZlh\, b ^Z`_ \
k\_jol_dmq_c `b^dhklb. Ijbf_gyxlky ijb wlhf qZs_ \k_]h miehlg_gby ba fy]dh]h b
ieZklbqgh]h f_lZeeZ – bg^by. DZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk.69, dhe_qdh ba bg^b_\h]h ijmldZ
(^bZf_ljhf 1-1.5 ff) mdeZ^u\Z_lky f_`^m ^\mfy neZgpZfb b ZddmjZlgh jZa^Z\eb\Z_lky ^h
lhesbgu \ iZjm ^_kyluo fbeebf_ljZ ijb kly]b\Zgbb neZgp_\ \bglZfb. Dhgpu bg^b_\h]h
ijmldZ gZdeZ^u\Zxlky \gZoe_kl, dZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk.69k. Qlh[u neZgpu kly]b\Zebkv [_a
i_j_dhkh\ bkihevam_lky [hevrh_ dhebq_kl\h \bglh\ hlghkbl_evgh fZeh]h ^bZf_ljZ.
Ke_^m_l bf_lv \ \b^m, qlh ^ey \Zdmmfgh]h miehlg_gby \Z`gh, qlh[u ijmlhd b neZgpu
[ueb qbklufb ([_a `bjZ) b ]eZ^dbfb. Ihwlhfm i_j_^ mdeZ^u\Zgb_f gh\hc bg^b_\hc
ijhdeZ^db neZgpu g_h[oh^bfh lsZl_evg_crbf h[jZahf hqbklblv hl ke_^h\ klZjh]h
bg^by b ijhfulv kibjlhf hl `bjZ.
>ey m^Ze_gby ]ZaZ b kha^Zgby g_ hq_gv ohjhr_]h \ZdmmfZ (hklZlhqgh_ ^Z\e_gb_ 10
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lZdbo gZkhkh\ (ieZklbgqZlh]h jhlhjgh]h gZkhkZ) ihdZaZg gZ jbk.70. Jhlhj gZkhkZ
\dexqZ_l \ k_[y ^\_ ih^\b`gu_ ieZklbgu, jZa^_eyxsb_ ijhkljZgkl\h f_`^m jhlhjhf b
klZlhjhf gZkhkZ gZ ^\_ dZf_ju i_j_f_ggh]h h[t_fZ. Ijb \jZs_gbb jhlhjZ h[t_f dZ`^hc
ba dZf_j i_jbh^bq_kdb f_gy_lky. BagZqZevgh h^gZ ba dZf_j ih^kh_^bg_gZ dh \oh^m gZkhkZ
b ih f_j_ m\_ebq_gby __ h[t_fZ ijhbkoh^bl \kZku\Zgb_. AZl_f dZf_jZ hl^_ey_lky \lhjhc
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Ihke_^gbc iheghklvx ih]jm`_g \ fZkeh. GZ klZjuo nhj\Zdmmfguo gZkhkZo [ueh
g_h[oh^bfh kjZam ihke_ \udexq_gby gZkhkZ, \h ba[_`Zgby \kZku\Zgby fZkeZ \ dZf_ju,
Jbk.67. Jbk. 68.
Jbk.67 b 68. Bah[jZ`_gZ qZklv \Zdmmfghc ljm[u, aZdjulZy aZ]emrdhc. Kh[kl\_ggh
miehlgyxsbf we_f_glhf y\ey_lky j_abgh\h_ dhe_qdh. Qlh[u hgh g_ ^_nhjfbjh\Zehkv,
dhe_qdh gZ^_\Z_lky gZ dhevp_\mx hijZ\dm, Z aZl_f \klZ\ey_lky f_`^m miehlgy_fufb
ljm[Zfb, dhlhju_ kly]b\Zxlky ohfmlbdhf.
Jbk.69 Jbk.70.
JZa[hjgu_ \Zdmmfghiehlgu_ miehlg_gby bkihevamxlky b \gmljb djbhklZlh\, b ^Z`_ \
k\_jol_dmq_c `b^dhklb. Ijbf_gyxlky ijb wlhf qZs_ \k_]h miehlg_gby ba fy]dh]h b
ieZklbqgh]h f_lZeeZ – bg^by. DZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk.69, dhe_qdh ba bg^b_\h]h ijmldZ
(^bZf_ljhf 1-1.5 ff) mdeZ^u\Z_lky f_`^m ^\mfy neZgpZfb b ZddmjZlgh jZa^Z\eb\Z_lky ^h
lhesbgu \ iZjm ^_kyluo fbeebf_ljZ ijb kly]b\Zgbb neZgp_\ \bglZfb. Dhgpu bg^b_\h]h
ijmldZ gZdeZ^u\Zxlky \gZoe_kl, dZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk.69k. Qlh[u neZgpu kly]b\Zebkv [_a
i_j_dhkh\ bkihevam_lky [hevrh_ dhebq_kl\h \bglh\ hlghkbl_evgh fZeh]h ^bZf_ljZ.
Ke_^m_l bf_lv \ \b^m, qlh ^ey \Zdmmfgh]h miehlg_gby \Z`gh, qlh[u ijmlhd b neZgpu
[ueb qbklufb ([_a `bjZ) b ]eZ^dbfb. Ihwlhfm i_j_^ mdeZ^u\Zgb_f gh\hc bg^b_\hc
ijhdeZ^db neZgpu g_h[oh^bfh lsZl_evg_crbf h[jZahf hqbklblv hl ke_^h\ klZjh]h
bg^by b ijhfulv kibjlhf hl `bjZ.
>ey m^Ze_gby ]ZaZ b kha^Zgby g_ hq_gv ohjhr_]h \ZdmmfZ (hklZlhqgh_ ^Z\e_gb_ 10-2
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lZdbo gZkhkh\ (ieZklbgqZlh]h jhlhjgh]h gZkhkZ) ihdZaZg gZ jbk.70. Jhlhj gZkhkZ
\dexqZ_l \ k_[y ^\_ ih^\b`gu_ ieZklbgu, jZa^_eyxsb_ ijhkljZgkl\h f_`^m jhlhjhf b
klZlhjhf gZkhkZ gZ ^\_ dZf_ju i_j_f_ggh]h h[t_fZ. Ijb \jZs_gbb jhlhjZ h[t_f dZ`^hc
ba dZf_j i_jbh^bq_kdb f_gy_lky. BagZqZevgh h^gZ ba dZf_j ih^kh_^bg_gZ dh \oh^m gZkhkZ
b ih f_j_ m\_ebq_gby __ h[t_fZ ijhbkoh^bl \kZku\Zgb_. AZl_f dZf_jZ hl^_ey_lky \lhjhc
ieZklbghc hl \oh^Z ijhbkoh^bl k`Zlb_ ]ZaZ b m^Ze_gb_ _]h q_j_a \uoh^ghc \_glbev10.
Ihke_^gbc iheghklvx ih]jm`_g \ fZkeh. GZ klZjuo nhj\Zdmmfguo gZkhkZo [ueh
g_h[oh^bfh kjZam ihke_ \udexq_gby gZkhkZ, \h ba[_`Zgby \kZku\Zgby fZkeZ \ dZf_ju,
