Writing Formal and Informal Letters. Part 1. Домбровская И.В - 9 стр.

                                                      7

Concession                                                Contrast
although...                                               while...
though ...                                                whereas... + clause
even though/even if... + clause                           but...
but...                                                    on the other hand,...
yet...                                                    Purpose
despite ... + N                                           in order that... + clause
in spite of...                                            so that...
however                                                   in order to/so as to ... + V
nevertheless                                              to...
Similarity and comparison                                 Time
as...                                                     before...
like ... + N                                              after + N/clause
as + ADJ/ADV + as ...                                     till/until
as…                                                       as/as soon
the same + N + as/that + clause                           as/when/once/immediately +
as + ADJ/ADV + as ...                                     clause
not as/so + ADJ/ADV + as +                                while + clause
N/clause                                                  during + noun
Not such + ADJ/ADV + as +                                 during that time
N/clause                                                  then/next/after that/later/
as if / though ... + clause                               subsequently/eventually/ finally/at last
                                                          no sooner... than ... + clause
                                                          hardly... when

   EXERCISE 1           Fill each blank with a word or phrase from the list below. Use
        each item once only.
    although but                          so that               when
    as if               if                that                  which
    because             just as           unfortunately while
    before              so                until                 who
Several years ago some friends and I decided to go cycling together. We waited
1. ............................. the rush hour was over 2. ............................. we set off.
3. ............................. it looked 4. ............................. it was going to rain, we still de-
cided to go 5. .........................:... this was the last opportunity we would have for
some time. We had packed plastic macs 6. ............................. we wouldn't get too wet
7. ............................. there was a shower. 8. ............................. we were riding along
in single file on the outskirts of town, Paul, 9. ............................. was bringing up the
rear as usual, suddenly gave a shout.
10. ............................. we turned back to see what was wrong, we found 11.
............................. he had swerved to avoid a dog 12. ............................. had run out
in front of him.
13. ............................. he had gone into a ditch at the side of the road. The bicycle had
hardly been damaged 14. ............................. Paul was 15. ............................. bruised