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2. production/ increases / mass/ productivity/ efficiency/ and
3. steel/ corrosion / vanadium / makes/ shock/ vibration-resistant/
and.
V. Read the text again and write out the words that describe
properties of alloy steel and name alloy elements.
alloy element properties
1)……………. a) ………….
2) nickel alloy steel b)………….
3) ………….. c) rust-resistant
4) vanadium d) ……………
VI. Rewrite and translate passage 3 in written form.
Задание 2.
I. Read the text and answer the question in written form using the
vocabulary list.
When and why was the word “automation” coined?
Vocabulary list
1. valve (n) - клапан, золотник
2. refining (n) - очистка
3. assemble(v) - собирать
4. chain(n) - цепь
5. superficial(atr) - поверхностный, внешний
6. consideration (n)- рассмотрение
7. coin (v) - создавать
8. entail(v)- закреплять порядок
Industrial Engineering and Automation
1. A major advance in twentieth century manufacturing was
the development of mass production techniques. Mass production
refers to manufacturing processes in which an assembly line,
usually a conveyer belt, moves the product to stations where
each worker performs a limited number of operations until the
product is assembled. In the automobile assembly plant such
systems have reached a highly-developed form. A complex
system of conveyer belts and chain drives moves car parts to
workers who perform the thousands of necessary assembling
tasks.
2. Mass production increases efficiency and productivity to a
point beyond which the monotony of repeating an operation
over and over slows down the workers. Many ways have been
tried to increase productivity on assembly lines: some of them
are as superficial as piping music into the plant or painting the
industrial apparatus in bright colors; others entail giving
workers more variety in their tasks and more responsibility for
the product.
3. These human factors are important considerations for
industrial engineers who must try to balance an efficient system
of manufacturing with the complex needs of workers.
Another factor for the industrial engineer to consider is whether
each manufacturing process can be automated in whole or in
part. Automation is a word coined in the 1940s to describe
processes by which machines do tasks previously performed by
people. The word was new but the idea was not. We know of the
advance in the development of steam engines that produced
automatic valves. Long before that, during the Middle Ages,
windmills had been made to turn by taking advantage of
changes in the wind by means of devices that worked
automatically.
4. Automation was first applied to industry in contin-
uous-process manufacturing such as refining petroleum, making
petrochemicals, and refining steel. A later development was
computer-controlled automation of assembly line
manufacturing, especially those in which quality control was an
important factor.
2. production/ increases / mass/ productivity/ efficiency/ and refers to manufacturing processes in which an assembly line,
3. steel/ corrosion / vanadium / makes/ shock/ vibration-resistant/ usually a conveyer belt, moves the product to stations where
and. each worker performs a limited number of operations until the
V. Read the text again and write out the words that describe product is assembled. In the automobile assembly plant such
properties of alloy steel and name alloy elements. systems have reached a highly-developed form. A complex
system of conveyer belts and chain drives moves car parts to
alloy element properties workers who perform the thousands of necessary assembling
tasks.
1)……………. a) …………. 2. Mass production increases efficiency and productivity to a
2) nickel alloy steel b)…………. point beyond which the monotony of repeating an operation
over and over slows down the workers. Many ways have been
3) ………….. c) rust-resistant tried to increase productivity on assembly lines: some of them
4) vanadium d) …………… are as superficial as piping music into the plant or painting the
industrial apparatus in bright colors; others entail giving
VI. Rewrite and translate passage 3 in written form. workers more variety in their tasks and more responsibility for
the product.
Задание 2. 3. These human factors are important considerations for
I. Read the text and answer the question in written form using the industrial engineers who must try to balance an efficient system
vocabulary list. of manufacturing with the complex needs of workers.
When and why was the word “automation” coined? Another factor for the industrial engineer to consider is whether
each manufacturing process can be automated in whole or in
Vocabulary list part. Automation is a word coined in the 1940s to describe
1. valve (n) - клапан, золотник processes by which machines do tasks previously performed by
2. refining (n) - очистка people. The word was new but the idea was not. We know of the
3. assemble(v) - собирать advance in the development of steam engines that produced
4. chain(n) - цепь automatic valves. Long before that, during the Middle Ages,
5. superficial(atr) - поверхностный, внешний windmills had been made to turn by taking advantage of
6. consideration (n)- рассмотрение changes in the wind by means of devices that worked
7. coin (v) - создавать automatically.
8. entail(v)- закреплять порядок 4. Automation was first applied to industry in contin-
uous-process manufacturing such as refining petroleum, making
Industrial Engineering and Automation petrochemicals, and refining steel. A later development was
computer-controlled automation of assembly line
1. A major advance in twentieth century manufacturing was manufacturing, especially those in which quality control was an
the development of mass production techniques. Mass production important factor.
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