Welcome to the computer world. Practice materials for 1st year students. Еранина Т.И - 28 стр.

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        5) Various forms of data that we can hear and see makes up... which is
            captured from the environment.
        a) logical operation
        b) Text, or textual data
        c) audio-visual data
        d) Physical data
        e) Arithmetic operations
        f) Built-in
        g) numbers

Task 6. Read and translate the text:

                             Types of Software

                    A computer to complete a job requires more than just the
        actual equipment or hardware we see and touch. It requires Software —
        programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data.
                    Software is the final computer system component. These
        computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing.
        The computer is merely a general-purpose machine which requires
        specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input,
        calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software de-
        termines the order in which these operations are performed.
                    Programs usually fall in one of two categories: system
        software and applications software.
                    System software controls standard internal computer
        activities. An operating system, for example, is a collection of system
        programs that aid in the operation of a computer regardless of the
        application software being used. When a computer is first turned on,
        one of the systems programs is booted or loaded into the computers
        memory. This software contains information about memory capacity,
        the model of the processor, the disk drives to be used, and more. Once
        the system software is loaded, the applications software can start to
        work.
                    System programs are designed for the specific pieces of
        hardware. These programs are called drivers and coordinate peripheral
        hardware and computer activities. User needs to install a specific driver
        in order to activate his or her peripheral device. For example, if you
        intend to buy a printer or a scanner you need to worry in advance about
        the driver program which, though, commonly go along with your
        device. By installing the driver you «teach» your main board to
        «understand* the newly attached part.