Welcome to the computer world. Practice materials for 1st year students. Еранина Т.И - 7 стр.

                                      -7-

        advantage / disadvantage— достоинство, преимущество /
        недостаток benefit— выгода, польза; помогать, приносить пользу
        to result from— возникать, происходить в результате
        packing density— плотность упаковки
        small-scale integrated circuit — малая интегральная схема (МИС)
        medium-scale IС — средняя интегральная схема (СИС)
        large-scale IС — большая интегральная схема (БИС)
        very-large-scale IС — сверхбольшая интегральная схема (СБИС)
        fineline— прецизионный; с элементами уменьшенных
                     размеров
        transmission line — линия передачи
        waveguide— волновод
        to emerge— появляться, возникать
        to displace — перемещать, смещать
        mode — вид, метод, способ; режим работы
        pattern — шаблон, образец; образ, изображение
        power— мощность, энергия, питание; производительность,
                   быстродействие; способность, возможность


Task 7. Read and translate the text. Write a paragraph to show the
        difference between “microelectronics” and
        “microminiaturization”.

                 Microelectronics and micro miniaturization

                    The intensive effort of electronics to increase the reliability
        and performance of its products while reducing their size and cost led
        to the results that hardly anyone could predict. The evolution of
        electronic technology is sometimes called a revolution: a quantitative
        change in technology gave rise to qualitative change in human
        capabilities. There appeared a new branch of science —
        microelectronics.
                    Microelectronics embraces electronics connected with the
        realization of electronic circuits, systems and subsystems from very
        small electronic devices. Microelectronics is a name for extremely
        small electronic components and circuit assemblies, made by film or
        semiconductor techniques. A microelectronic technology reduced
        transistors and other circuit elements to dimensions almost invisible to
        unaided eye. The point of this extraordinary miniaturization is to make
        circuits long-lasting, low in cost, and capable of performing electronic
        functions at extremely high speed. It is known that the speed of
        response depends on the size of transistor: the smaller the transistor,
        the faster it is. The smaller the computer, the faster it can work.