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21
With the coming of George I, the Whigs were given preference over the
Tories. It was quite natural, as many of them were sympathetic to the claims of the
Stuart pretenders. Governmental stability and the authority of the House of Commons
were promoted by the Septennial Act of 1716. Under the Septennial Act
parliamentary elections were required every seven years rather than every three. This
practice was kept on till 1911, when a parliament’s life was reduced to five years.
Parliament was made up of 122 county members and 436 borough members. All
counties and boroughs sent two members to Parliament, but each borough, whether a
large city or a tiny village, had its own tradition of choosing its members of
Parliament.
It should be mentioned that in the 18
th
century Catholics were discriminated and
full political privileges were granted only to members of the Anglican Church, but
non-Anglican Protestants could legally hold office if they were willing to take
Anglican communion once a year.
Ex. 5. Read and translate the sentences, paying attention to the Infinitive and the
Infinitive Construction (Complex Subject).
1. James II had an army ready to hand.
2. The Triennial Act, 1694, obliged the king to summon Parliament at least every
three years.
3. The Septennial act, 1715, made it possible for the government in office to
nurse the constituencies on which its power depended.
4. Both France and Austria were beginning to look upon Italy as a lawful prey.
5. Holland herself would hardly have been able to defend her frontiers without
the help of England.
6. After 1689 some Whigs liked to boast that they had turned the king out and
would do the same again.
7. After 1689 it was impossible for the Tory party to support the Hannoverians.
8. To kill the king was a poor way of making him responsible for his policies.
9. It was realized that it might be as wasteful to behead a minister as to behead a
king.
10. France seemed destined to fill this vacuum and to seize and exploit the
domains.
11. The major event of Queen Anne’s reign is known to be the formation of the
kingdom of Great Britain.
12. Early in the 18
th
century England and Scotland are said to be ruled by the same
monarch but to remain two separate kingdoms.
Ex. 6. Read and translate the sentences, paying attention to the Gerund and its
function in each sentence.
1. After almost dominating Europe in the the 16
th
century, Spain had been sinking
during the 17
th
century into a lower position.
2. Spain was incapable of exploiting its domains for herself.
21
With the coming of George I, the Whigs were given preference over the
Tories. It was quite natural, as many of them were sympathetic to the claims of the
Stuart pretenders. Governmental stability and the authority of the House of Commons
were promoted by the Septennial Act of 1716. Under the Septennial Act
parliamentary elections were required every seven years rather than every three. This
practice was kept on till 1911, when a parliament’s life was reduced to five years.
Parliament was made up of 122 county members and 436 borough members. All
counties and boroughs sent two members to Parliament, but each borough, whether a
large city or a tiny village, had its own tradition of choosing its members of
Parliament.
It should be mentioned that in the 18th century Catholics were discriminated and
full political privileges were granted only to members of the Anglican Church, but
non-Anglican Protestants could legally hold office if they were willing to take
Anglican communion once a year.
Ex. 5. Read and translate the sentences, paying attention to the Infinitive and the
Infinitive Construction (Complex Subject).
1. James II had an army ready to hand.
2. The Triennial Act, 1694, obliged the king to summon Parliament at least every
three years.
3. The Septennial act, 1715, made it possible for the government in office to
nurse the constituencies on which its power depended.
4. Both France and Austria were beginning to look upon Italy as a lawful prey.
5. Holland herself would hardly have been able to defend her frontiers without
the help of England.
6. After 1689 some Whigs liked to boast that they had turned the king out and
would do the same again.
7. After 1689 it was impossible for the Tory party to support the Hannoverians.
8. To kill the king was a poor way of making him responsible for his policies.
9. It was realized that it might be as wasteful to behead a minister as to behead a
king.
10. France seemed destined to fill this vacuum and to seize and exploit the
domains.
11. The major event of Queen Anne’s reign is known to be the formation of the
kingdom of Great Britain.
12. Early in the 18th century England and Scotland are said to be ruled by the same
monarch but to remain two separate kingdoms.
Ex. 6. Read and translate the sentences, paying attention to the Gerund and its
function in each sentence.
1. After almost dominating Europe in the the 16th century, Spain had been sinking
during the 17th century into a lower position.
2. Spain was incapable of exploiting its domains for herself.
