Малоэтажные жилые дома. Фомина В.Ф. - 1 стр.

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Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɍɥɶɹɧɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ
ȼ. Ɏ. Ɏɨɦɢɧɚ
Ɇɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɟ ɠɢɥɵɟ
ɞɨɦɚ
ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ
ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ 27030265 «Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ»,
27010265 «ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ»,
27010965 «Ɍɟɩɥɨɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ»
ɍɥɶɹɧɨɜɫɤ
2008
2
ɍȾɄ 721.011.26(075)
ȻȻɄ 38.711ɹ7
Ɏ76
Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬɵ:
ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ ɈɈɈ «Ʉɨɦɩɚɧɢɹ ɋɌȺɇȾ’ȺɊɌ», ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɨɪ Ⱥ. ɂ. ȼɚɪɸɯɢɧ;
ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ ɍɥɶɹɧɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɢɚɥɚ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɩɪɢ Ɋɨɫɫɬɪɨɟ,
ɡɚɫɥɭɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ȼ. ɋ. Ʌɨɝɚɱɟɜ
ɍɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɦ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɜ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ
Ɏɨɦɢɧɚ ȼ. Ɏ.
Ɇɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɟ ɠɢɥɵɟ ɞɨɦɚ: ɭɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ
27030265 «Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ», 27010265 «ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ
ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ», 27010965 «Ɍɟɩɥɨɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ»/ ȼ. Ɏ. Ɏɨɦɢɧɚ. – ɍɥɶɹɧɨɜɫɤ: ɍɥȽɌɍ, 2008 – 85 ɫ.
ISBN 978-5-9795-0387-5
ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ ɊɎ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ 270302, 270102, 270109, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɍɆɄ ɩɨ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɦ «Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ» ɢ «Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ», ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ
Ⱥɋɉ.
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ; ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ
ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ; ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ.
ɉɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ 2 ɤɭɪɫɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ 27030265 «Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ
ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ», 27010265 «ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ»,
27010965 «Ɍɟɩɥɨɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ».
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ Ⱥɋɉ.
ɍȾɄ 721.011.26(075)
ȻȻɄ 38.711ɹ7
© Ɏɨɦɢɧɚ ȼ. Ɏ., 2008.
ISBN 978-5-9795-0387-5
© Ɉɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟ. ɍɥȽɌɍ, 2008.
Ɏ76
3
ʅʶˏʲʵˏʺˑˆʺ
ǰǰdzDzdzǻǶdz......................................................................................................................................... 4
1. ǿǼDzdzǾǴǮǻǶdz DzǶǿȄǶǽǹǶǻȉ.................................................................................................. 5
1.1. ǽ
ǹǮǻ ǽǾǮǸȀǶȅdzǿǸǶȃ ǵǮǻȍȀǶǷ ..................................................................................................... 7
1.2. ǵ
ǮDzǮǻǶdz ǻǮ ǸȁǾǿǼǰǼdz ǽǾǼdzǸȀǶǾǼǰǮǻǶdz .................................................................................. 8
1.3. ǿ
ǼǿȀǮǰ ǸȁǾǿǼǰǼǷ ǾǮǯǼȀȉ (ǾDZǾ) .............................................................................................. 8
2. ǽǹǮǻǶǾǼǰǸǮ ȁȅǮǿȀǸǮ ............................................................................................................ 9
2.1. ǽ
ǾǶdzǺȉ ǵǮǿȀǾǼǷǸǶ ȁǿǮDzdzǯǻȉǺǶ DzǼǺǮǺǶ .......................................................................... 14
ǿ ǽǾǶǸǰǮǾȀǶǾǻȉǺǶ ȁȅǮǿȀǸǮǺǶ ...................................................................................................... 14
3. ȂȁǻǸȄǶǼǻǮǹȊǻǮȍ ǼǾDZǮǻǶǵǮȄǶȍ ǴǶǹǼǷ ȍȅdzǷǸǶ ......................................................... 14
3.1. Ȃ
ȁǻǸȄǶǼǻǮǹȊǻȉdz ȀǾdzǯǼǰǮǻǶȍ Ƕ ǰǵǮǶǺǼǿǰȍǵǶ ǽǼǺdzȇdzǻǶǷ ǴǶǹǶȇǮ ............................... 18
3.1.1. ǼȏȧȓȟȠȐȓțțȩȓ ȝȜȚȓȧȓțȖȭ................................................................................... 18
3.1.2. ǽȞȖȐȎȠțȩȓ ȝȜȚȓȧȓțȖȭ............................................................................................ 22
4. ǸǼǻǿȀǾȁǸȀǶǰǻǼdz ǾdzȆdzǻǶdz ǵDzǮǻǶȍ.................................................................................... 32
4.1. Ȃ
ȁǻDzǮǺdzǻȀȉ ............................................................................................................................. 34
4.2. ǿ
Ȁdzǻȉ......................................................................................................................................... 38
4.3. ǽ
dzǾdzǸǾȉȀǶȍ ................................................................................................................................49
4.4. Ǹ
ǾȉȆǶ ....................................................................................................................................... 52
4.4.1. DzȓȠȎșȖ ȘȞȩȦȖ............................................................................................................ 64
4.5. ǹ
dzǿȀǻǶȄȉ .................................................................................................................................. 70
4.6. ǽ
Ǽǹȉ ......................................................................................................................................... 76
4.6.1. DzȓȞȓȐȭțțȩȓ ȝȜșȩ ...................................................................................................... 76
4.6.2. ǽȜșȩ Ȗȕ șȖțȜșȓȡȚȎ, ȞȓșȖțȎ.................................................................................... 78
4.6.3. ȄȓȚȓțȠțȩȓ ȝȜșȩ ....................................................................................................... 78
4.6.4. ǺȜȕȎȖȥțȩȓ ȝȜșȩ........................................................................................................ 78
4.6.5. ǽȜșȩ Ȗȕ ȘȓȞȎȚȖȥȓȟȘȖȣ ȝșȖȠȜȘ ................................................................................ 78
ǵǮǸǹȌȅdzǻǶdz................................................................................................................................79
ǸǼǻȀǾǼǹȊǻȉdz ǰǼǽǾǼǿȉ .......................................................................................................... 80
ǽǾdzDzǺdzȀǻȉǷ ȁǸǮǵǮȀdzǹȊ............................................................................................................ 81
ǼǿǻǼǰǻȉdz ǶǿǽǼǹȊǵǼǰǮǻǻȉdz ǽǼǻȍȀǶȍ (DZǹǼǿǿǮǾǶǷ) .................................................. 83
ǯǶǯǹǶǼDZǾǮȂǶȅdzǿǸǶǷ ǿǽǶǿǼǸ ............................................................................................... 85
4
ɪʵʺʹʺˑˆʺ
Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ
ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ, ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɭɦɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ.
ɋɥɨɜɨ «ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ» ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɬ ɝɪɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ IJİȤIJȠȣiȤȘ – ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ,
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɨ, ɩɪɢɫɬɚɜɤɚ «ɚɪɯɢ» ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɲɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɱɟɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ – ɜɵɫɲɚɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɚ.
ȼ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɸɞɟɣ.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɧɵɯ
ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜ, ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢ
ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɸɞɟɣ. ɗɬɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɥɟɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɢ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɧɭɸ
ɮɨɪɦɭ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɧɨ ɢ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɥɸɞɟɣ.
Ƚɨɜɨɪɹ ɨɛ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɟ, ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɭɸ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɨ ɢ ɟɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɤ ɫɚɦɢɦ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɦ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɦ.
ɋɬɚɜɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɰɟɥɟɣ, ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚ
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɹ, ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɟɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ, ɧɨ ɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɵɟ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɵ,
ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ.
Ȼɭɞɭɱɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶɸ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɹ ɭɬɢɥɢɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ,
ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɵɬɢɹ. ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɫɜɨɟɣ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɪɚɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ
ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɮɨɪɦɨɣ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ.
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ –
ɷɬɨ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ
ɡɞɚɧɢɹ, ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ.
ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ
ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɬ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ.
ȼɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɨɛɥɢɤ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɟɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɜ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦ ɤɪɚɫɨɬɵ.
ȼɨɩɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ
ɡɚɞɭɦɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ. ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ, ɩɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭ, «ɩɨɞɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ» ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ.
ȼɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨ ɫ ɩɟɪɜɵɦɢ ɠɢɥɵɦɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɣɤɚɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɜɨɡɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɡɚɪɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ.
ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ
ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ, ɧɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɦɧɨ-ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-
ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ, ɭɱɬɟɧɵ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɤɢ, ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ.
Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɟ ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
Ɉɳɭɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɜ ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɚ ɫɢɥɚ ɢɞɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɦɵɫɥɚ, ɧɚɣɞɟɧɵ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɢ ɮɨɪɦɵ,
ɮɚɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɰɜɟɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɚ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɹ ɫ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɨɣ.
ɂɡ ɤɧɢɝɢ Ⱥ. Ʉ. Ȼɭɪɨɜɚ «Ɉɛ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɟ»: «ɇɭɠɧɨ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶ ɫ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ ɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ
ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ – ɠɢɥɢɳɚ, ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼɫɟ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɱɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɟɣ, ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɣɞɟɧɵ ɢ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɵ ɜ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɞ ɠɢɥɵɦ ɞɨɦɨɦ. ɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɛɵɥɨ
ɠɢɥɢɳɟ, ɞɨɦ… ɋ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ, ɫ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɪɨɞ».
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1. ʈ˓ʹʺ˕ʾʲˑˆʺ ʹˆ˖ˢˆ˔ˏˆˑ˩
Ⱦɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚ «Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ» ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɰɢɤɥɭ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ,
ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɨɦ ɫɟɦɟɫɬɪɟ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ –
27010265 «ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ» ɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ 653500
«ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ» ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ 27010965 «Ɍɟɩɥɨɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ».
ȼɵɩɢɫɤɚ ɢɡ ȽɈɋ ȼɉɈ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ
27010265 – «ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ» ɢ 27010965 –
«Ɍɟɩɥɨɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ» ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɢɠɟ.
ɂɧɞɟɤɫ ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɢ ɟɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ ȼɫɟɝɨ
ɱɚɫɨɜ
ɈɉȾɎ.10 Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ:
ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ, ɟɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ; ɨɫɧɨɜɵ
ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ; ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɟ,
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɵ; ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ,
ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɢ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ; ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ; ɨɫɧɨɜɵ
ɝɪɚɞɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ; ɨɛɴɟɦɧɨ-ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ, ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɢ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɥɵɯ, ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ,
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ; ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ
ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ; ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ
ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ; ɪɟɫɬɚɜɪɚɰɢɹ ɩɚɦɹɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ. Ɋɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ
ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ.
ɉɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦ
ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ
ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɤɚɤ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ,
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ, ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɦ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɦ.
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Ⱦɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚ «Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ» ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ
ɰɢɤɥɭ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ, ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ 3 – 6 ɫɟɦɟɫɬɪɚɯ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ 27030265 «Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ». ɇɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ Ⱥɋɉ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ
ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ 3 ɢ 4 ɫɟɦɟɫɬɪɚɯ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɭ ɋɄ.
ȼɵɩɢɫɤɚ ɢɡ ȽɈɋ ȼɉɈ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ
27030265 – «Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ»
ɂɧɞɟɤɫ ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɢ ɟɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ ȼɫɟɝɨ
ɱɚɫɨɜ
ɈɉȾɎ.01 Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ:
Ɂɞɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ; ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɧɟɫɭɳɢɯ ɨɫɬɨɜɨɜ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ; ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ
ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɵ; ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɚɯ; ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ
ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ; ɧɟɫɭɳɢɟ ɨɫɬɨɜɵ ɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ; ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɨɞɧɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ;
ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɧɟɫɭɳɢɯ ɨɫɬɨɜɨɜ; ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ: ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɧɵɟ,
ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢɯ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɟ; ɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɞɧɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ; ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɫɜɟɬɨɜɵɟ
ɢ ɚɷɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɧɚɪɢ; ɩɨɞɜɟɫɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɥɤɢ, ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɤɢ, ɜɨɪɨɬɚ,
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ɩɨɥɵ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɬ. ɩ.; ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ
ɡɞɚɧɢɣ; ɧɟɫɭɳɢɟ ɨɫɬɨɜɵ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ; ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹ,
ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ, ɫɤɚɬɧɵɟ ɤɪɵɲɢ; ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɷɬɚɠɢ; ɥɟɫɬɧɢɱɧɨ-ɥɢɮɬɨɜɵɟ
ɛɥɨɤɢ; ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ – ɛɚɥɤɨɧɵ, ɥɨɞɠɢɢ, ɷɪɤɟɪɵ ɢ
ɬ. ɩ.; ɤɪɚɬɤɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɧɚɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɯ;
ɤɪɚɬɤɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ
(ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ) ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ.
ɉɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɹ ɤ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɤɭɪɫɚ «Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ
ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ», ɛɭɞɭɳɢɟ ɞɢɡɚɣɧɟɪɵ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɢɯ
ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɦɵɫɥɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ – ɜ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɯ ɢ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɯ (ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ), ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɡ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. Ɉɬ
ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɟ – ɜ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɤɚɦɧɟ, ɜ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɟ ɢɥɢ
ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɟ, – ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɨɛɥɢɤ, ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ, ɢ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ, ɢ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ, ɢ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ. ȼɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ.
Ⱦɢɞɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ:
ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ
ɞɨɦɨɜ (ɫɬɟɧɵ, ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹ, ɤɪɨɜɥɹ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ);
ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɤɢ (ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ, ɫɜɟɬɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ, ɚɤɭɫɬɢɤɚ);
ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɦɶɢ (ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ);
ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ (ɢɧɫɨɥɹɰɢɹ, ɪɨɡɚ
ɜɟɬɪɨɜ, ɦɚɥɵɟ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ, ɥɚɧɞɲɚɮɬ);
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ (ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɨɞ, ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ,
ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞɵ);
ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ (ɨɬɦɵɜɤɚ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɜɹɡɤɚ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
, ɩɥɚɧɵ, ɮɚɫɚɞɵ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɵ).
ɐɟɥɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ «Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ» ɢ «Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ
ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ»:
ɲɢɪɨɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɦɧɨ-ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ
ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɢɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ;
ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ
ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɧɨɜɵɦ
ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ.
ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɤɭɫɚ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ
ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ, ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟ, ɭɱɢɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ
ɧɚɭɤɢ ɜ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ.
Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ:
1. ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ
ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ.
2. Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ
ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ.
ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ (ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰ.
ȾȺɋ ɢ ɉȽɋ) ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ (ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰ. ɌȽȼ) ɧɚ ɬɟɦɭ «Ɇɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɵɣ ɠɢɥɨɣ
ɞɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɝ. ɍɥɶɹɧɨɜɫɤɚ», ɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɢ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ.
7
1.1. ʆˏʲˑ ˔˕ʲˊ˘ˆˣʺ˖ˊˆˠ ˄ʲˑˮ˘ˆˇ
ɇɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ» ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ 26 ɱɚɫɨɜ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ, ɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
«Ⱦɢɡɚɣɧ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ» – 34 ɱɚɫɚ. Ⱥ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «Ɍɟɩɥɨɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ» – 8 ɱɚɫɨɜ. ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɥɚɧ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɚɦ,
ɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦ. Ƚɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɨɜɢɤɚɯ, ɚ
ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɨɦɚ ɞɨɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 1 – 2 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɠɢɥɨɣ ɹɱɟɣɤɢ;
– ɩɪɢɜɹɡɤɚ ɤ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ;
– ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɠɢɥɨɝɨ
ɞɨɦɚ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 3 – 4 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɝɨ ɨɫɬɨɜɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ (ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɭɳɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ);
– ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ (ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɵ, ɫɬɟɧɵ,
ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹ).
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 5 – 6 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ (ɫɬɪɨɩɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ)
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 7 – 8 (4 ɱɚɫɚ)
– ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ;
– ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɝɨ ɨɫɬɨɜɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 9 – 10 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɥɨɝɨ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ (ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ
ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɫɜɟɬɚ, ɪɨɡɵ ɜɟɬɪɨɜ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ
ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɢ
);
– ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɥɚɧɞɲɚɮɬɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɨɤ ɨɬɞɵɯɚ,
ɦɚɥɵɯ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 11 – 12 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɨɛɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 13 – 14 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɦɚɥɵɦɢ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦɢ
ɩɪɨɥɟɬɚɦɢ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 15 – 16 (4 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɧɟɫɭɳɢɦ ɨɫɬɨɜɨɦ, ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɨɣ, ɨɛɴɟɦɧɨ-ɛɥɨɱɧɨɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ;
– ɩɪɨɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ.
Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 17 (2 ɱɚɫɚ):
– ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟɣ ɩɥɚɧɨɜ, ɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɜ, ɮɚɫɚɞɨɜ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɠɢɥɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ;
– ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɊȽɊ.
8
1.2. ɶʲʹʲˑˆʺ ˑʲ ˊ˙˕˖˓ʵ˓ʺ ˔˕˓ʺˊ˘ˆ˕˓ʵʲˑˆʺ
Ɍɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɦɚɥɨɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɠɢɥɨɝɨ
ɞɨɦɚ-ɤɨɬɬɟɞɠɚ ɞɥɹ ɝ. ɍɥɶɹɧɨɜɫɤɚ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 10 – 12 ɫɨɬɨɤ.
Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ: ɩɨɞɪɚɦɧɢɤ 75×75 ɫɦ ɢ 1-1,5 ɥɢɫɬɚ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ1 (ɞɥɹ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɉȽɋ ɢ ȾȺɋ), 1 – 1,5 ɥɢɫɬɚ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ1 (ɞɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɌȽȼ).
1.3. ʈ˓˖˘ʲʵ ˊ˙˕˖˓ʵ˓ˇ ˕ʲʴ˓˘˩ (ʇɫʇ)
ɇɚ ɩɨɞɪɚɦɧɢɤɟ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɢ:
– ɩɥɚɧ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:200, ɚɤɫɨɧɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹ;
– ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɮɚɫɚɞɚ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:100 – 1:200.
ɇɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɢɫɬɚɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ-1 (ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ Ⱥ-2 ɢȺ-3) ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɱɟɪɬɟɠɢ:
– ɩɥɚɧɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɬɚɠɟɣ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:100.
– ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɵ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ: ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɣ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:100;
– ɩɥɚɧɵ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɣ ɢ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:100 – 1:200;
– ɩɥɚɧ ɫɬɪɨɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:100;
– ɩɥɚɧ ɤɪɨɜɥɢ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:200;
– 2 – 3 ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɭɡɥɚ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:20 – 1:50.
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȾȺɋ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɪɚɦɧɢɤɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ 2 ɮɚɫɚɞɚ ɢ
ɚɤɫɨɧɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹ; ɞɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉȽɋ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɚɤɫɨɧɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɢ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɦɚɤɟɬ ɢɡ ɤɚɪɬɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ ɛɭɦɚɝɢ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ 1:100 – 1:200; ɞɥɹ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɌȽȼ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɥɢɫɬɚɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚȺ-1, Ⱥ-2, Ⱥ-3
ɢ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɮɚɫɚɞɨɜ ɜɵɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɥɚɧ ɫɬɪɨɩɢɥ.
ɑɟɪɬɟɠɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɬɭɲɶɸ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ,
ɫ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ȽɈɋɌɚ. Ɏɚɫɚɞɵ ɢ ɩɥɚɧ ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ
ɰɜɟɬɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɱɟɪɧɨ-ɛɟɥɨɣ ɨɬɦɵɜɤɟ (ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɪɚɡɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɭɲɢ ɢɥɢ ɚɤɜɚɪɟɥɢ) ɢɥɢ ɫ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ.
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɫɟɦ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ, ɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɟɦ
ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ; ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ
ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɫɥɚɛɟɜɚɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɟɬɚ ɢ ɬɟɧɢ; ɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɧɢ ɬɟɦɧɟɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ;
ɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɧɢ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɵ ɩɨ ɫɢɥɟ ɬɨɧɚ (ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɧɢ ɤ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ
ɫɜɟɬɥɟɸɬ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɦɧɟɸɬ).
ȼ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɯ ɮɚɫɚɞɨɜ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ,
ɨɬɦɵɜɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɲɬɪɢɯɨɜɤɢ ɫ ɝɭɚɲɶɸ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɨɣ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟɣ
ɮɚɫɚɞɨɜ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɜ. Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɧɚɣɬɢ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɨɬ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɢ ɨɫɬɪɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɪɚɡɢɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ
ɡɚɦɵɫɥɚ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɷɫɤɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
ɇɚ ɩɨɞɪɚɦɧɢɤɟ ɢ ɥɢɫɬɚɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɦɤɚ ɫɨ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɦ. Ɋɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟɣ ɧɚ
ɥɢɫɬɚɯ ɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɦɧɢɤɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɵɦ. ȼɫɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɫ ɜɟɞɭɳɢɦ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ. ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɜɵɧɨɫɢɬɶ
ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɥɢɫɬ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɦɧɢɤ, ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɫɟ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɢ ɩɪɨɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ
ɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɨɜɢɤɚɯ. ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ, ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɱɢɫɬɨɜɢɤ.
Ʉ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɧɨɜɢɤ ɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɩɪɚɠɧɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɟ ɧɚ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ. ȼɫɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɚɤɤɭɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞɲɢɬɨ, ɩɪɨɧɭɦɟɪɨɜɚɧɨ, ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɨ
ɚɜɬɨɪɨɦ.

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