Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 122 стр.

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122
from the weld pool, and manipulation of a sharply focused electron beam,
couldn't be done manually.
A series of experiments in a ground-based, manned space simulation
chamber enabled the engineers to solve the key technological and hardware
issues and develop a flight sample of an onboard electron beam hand tool. In
1984 and 1986 this tool was successfully tried out on the outer surface of the
Salyut 7 orbital complex (see Figure above).
Based on new engineering systems that corrected technical parameters
and suggestions from the test engineers and crews during experiments in the
Salyut station, engineers developed a new electron beam hand tool in the
1990s. The tool passed lengthy testing at NASA's Marshall Space Flight
Center and Johnson Space Center. During testing in a flying laboratory and at
zero buoyancy, as well as in a manned space simulation test chamber in
Russia, the developers were able to solve almost all the technical and
procedural problems with the tool.
Further Aerospace Welding Exploration
Almost 40 years' experience of technology developments and their
application leads to the conclusion that in this new century, major,
complicated space work will have to be addressed. Welding technologies will
be of tremendous importance.
Such technologies are partially in place, but
further space exploration will require developing
new welding, cutting, brazing, and coating
processes. New exotic materials will be introduced
in the new century, and their processing and
joining will require completely new technologies.
A number of space operations can be performed remotely, using robots
and manipulators.
Welding in space might become widely accepted only if completely new
methods of nondestructive testing and diagnosing welded structures can be
developed. This can be supported by data banks that allow automatic
selection of the process and computer simulation.
Laser applications in space, including such hybrid processes as laser-plasma
and laser-arc welding, offer promise, especially diode lasers. Friction welding
and resistance seam-roller welding also are of interest.
Advanced space systems will continue to be developed both on the
ground and in orbit. New welding and related processes and technologies will
have an important role in those developments.

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