Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 44 стр.

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44
MIG (Metal Inert Gas): A DC arc welding process which uses filler metal
fed in the form of a spool of thin wire, shielded by flow of inert gas (He,
Argon) instead of flux used in Arc. Very fast, much easier than Arc Welding,
with less heat buildup. Very good for sheet metal, due to minimal heat
distortion. Harder to weld thick stock, as welds are weaker due to poorer
penetration. The modern choice for steel body work, it can also be used for
Aluminium with Argon as the shield gas.
TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas): A high frequency AC arc process which uses a
tungsten electrode shielded by an inert gas to create a fine, controllable torch.
Uses a separate filler rod, as in Oxy-Acetylene welding. Capable of welding
very thin metals. About the best process for Aluminium, Stainless steel, and
other exotic stuff.
Resistance welding: includes spot welding: Uses the heat generated by
electricity flowing through work to melt and fuse. i.e.- put an electrode on
either side of 2 overlapped sheets of steel, turn on power. Metal in between
heats up, and melts together. An old favorite for assembling car bodies.
Plasma Cutters: Not a welder, but related. A high voltage arc is used to
superheat and ionize a stream of air to the "plasma" state. The stream of
plasma makes a rapid, clean, narrow cut with minimal heating of the work
piece.
After-reading activity
Answer the following questions:
1. What is the main difference between soldering and brazing?
2. What is used by welders to prevent oxidation?
3. What makes soldering advantageous before welding?
4. What welding processes are suitable for welding thin/thick metal plates?
5. What makes plasma cutting better than gas cutting?
Vocabulary
coalescence соединение, слипание; сращение
filler material присадочный материал
molten pool ванна расплавленного металла, сварочная ванна
gas flame газовое пламя
solid-phase твёрдая фаза
ultrasonic ультразвуковой
friction трение

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