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used until World War II, when the urgent need for rapid means of
construction for shipping, power plants, transportation, and structures spurred
the necessary development work.
D Resistance welding, invented in 1877 by Elihu Thomson, was accepted
long before arc welding for spot and seam joining of sheet. Butt welding for
chain making and joining bars and rods was developed during the 1920s. In
the 1940s the tungsten-inert gas process, using a nonconsumable tungsten
electrode to perform fusion welds, was introduced. In 1948 a new gas-
shielded process utilized a wire electrode that was consumed in the weld.
More recently, electron-beam welding, laser welding, and several solid-phase
processes such as diffusion bonding, friction welding, and ultrasonic joining
have been developed.
Vocabulary
armour броня
carburization науглероживание
interlayering чередование слоев
high-carbon высокоуглеродистый
hammer forging свободная ковка на молоте
cast iron чугун
blacksmith кузнец
jeweler ювелир
riveting производить клёпку
boiler паровой котёл, бойлер
oxyacetylene ацетилено-кислородный
consumable расходуемый
bare непокрытый
coating покрытие
spot точечная
seam роликовая
sheet лист
butt стыковая
tungsten вольфрам
bonding соединение, (с)крепление, связывание
10 Find the English equivalents for the following word combinations in
the text.
Сварочная технология, твердое железо, кухонная утварь, листовая
сталь, сложное покрытие, алюминиевая проволока, острая
необходимость, проволока без покрытия.
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