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73
PART 5. MODERN DEVELOPMENTS
Lead-in
1 In small groups discuss the trends of modern research in welding listed
below. Decide which of them are of primary importance. Think of some other
trends. Report to the class.
Ø new welding methods
Ø automation of welding
Ø computer control
Ø energy saving technologies
Ø environmentally friendly technologies
Ø safety improvements
Reading 1
2 You will read the text Friction Stir Welding (FSW). Before you read
discuss the following questions in the group.
1. Is the method of friction stir welding a conventional one?
2. What makes it conventional/unconventional?
3. What material does it best fit for?
3 Skim the text and make its brief summary.
Friction Stir Welding (FSW)
H.H. Bhadeshia
Friction stir welding, a process invented at TWI, Cambridge in 1991,
involves the joining of metals without fusion or filler materials. It is used
already in routine, as well as critical applications, for the joining of structural
components made of aluminium and its alloys. Indeed, it has been
convincingly demonstrated that the process results in strong and ductile
joints, sometimes in systems which have proved difficult using conventional
welding techniques. The process is most suitable for components which are
flat and long (plates and sheets) but can be adapted for pipes, hollow sections
and positional welding. The welds are created by the combined action of
frictional heating and mechanical deformation due to a rotating tool. The
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