Английский язык для инженеров сварочного производства. Гричин С.В - 96 стр.

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96
PART 6. HEALTH, SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Lead in
1 Discuss in the group.
1. Do you think welding is a dangerous/hazardous profession?
2. What type/types of welding do you consider the most/least hazardous?
Why?
Reading 1
2 Look through the text Health Risks of Welding Fume/Gases and list
the risks generated during welding.
Health Risks of Welding Fume/Gases
Welding fume is a mixture of airborne fine particles.
Toxic gases may also be generated during welding and
cutting.
Particulate fume
More than 90 % of the particulate fume arises from
vaporisation of the consumable electrode, wire or rod as
material is transferred across the arc or flame. The range of
welding particles size is shown in relation to the more familiar types of dust
and fume. The respirable fraction of particles (especially less than 3µm) are
potentially the more harmful as they can penetrate to the innermost parts of
the lung.
Gases
Gases encountered in welding may be:
- Fuel gases which, on combustion, form carbon dioxide and, if the flame is
reducing, carbon monoxide;
- Shielding gases such as argon, helium and carbon dioxide, either alone or in
mixtures with oxygen or hydrogen;
- Carbon dioxide and monoxide produced by the action of heat on the
welding flux or slag;
- Nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone produced by the action of heat or
ultraviolet radiation on the atmosphere surrounding the welding arc;

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