Английский язык. Громовая И.И - 65 стр.

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Industry around the world is looking for robots to save on labour costs. Nissan
Motor says that its new light-truck plant in Smyrna, U. S. , is equipped with more
than 200 robots. Experts also point out that demographic trends show fewer people
coming into the job market in the years ahead, making robots something of a
necessity. Robots may also take over jobs that humans find undesirable – such as
coal mining.
While industry should continue to be the biggest markets for robotry, some
of the more interesting developments are taking place in the medical field.
Funakubo’s arms, for example, have been mounted in pair on a bedside table
and linked to a robot cart that shuttles back and forth between a storage
cabinet and the patient’s bed. That system can be activated by keyboard,
voice command and even by whistles and gasps. The cart and the arms can
find and deliver to the patient a newspaper or a piece of fruit – anything that is
stored in the cabinet. As yet the fingers of the arms are not able to peel the
fruit, but Funakubo thinks they will have that capacity.
Among the other new robots under development is the Melkong, which
can pick the patient gently off his bed, put him in a bathtub and deposit him
back in bed again.
Not all of the applications on the robotry drawing boards will prove to be
practical. But the demand for new smart machines will continue. After all,
they never go on vacation, take a break or ask for a rise.
NOTES:
1
институт точной медицинской техники
2
седативный препарат, в результате приема которого женщина мо-
жет родить ребенка с деформированными конечностями
3
уборщик и сторож одновременно
Text 4 (D). The Engineering Profession
Engineering is one of the most ancient occupations in history. Without the
skills included in the broad field of engineering, our present-day civilization
never could have evoked. The first toolmakers that chipped arrows and spears
from rock were forerunners of modern mechanical engineering. The craftsmen
who discovered metals in the earth and found ways to refine and use them
were ancestors of mining and metallurgical engineers. And the skilled technicians
who devised irrigation systems and erected the marvelous buildings of the
ancient world were the civil engineers of their time.
Engineering is often defined as making practical application of theoretical
sciences such as physics and mathematics. Many of the early branches of

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