Лекции по лексикологии английского языка. Гусева Г.В. - 16 стр.

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individual form-words may change the meaning of the word with which it is

combined: anxious+for+N (anxious for news), anxious+about+N (anxious about

his health).

Structurally simple patterns are usually polysemantic: the pattern take+N

represents several meanings of the polysemantic head-word: take tea (coffee), take

neasures (precautions). Structurally complex patterns are usually monosemantic:

the pattern take+to+N represents only one meaning of take – take to sports (to sb).

IV. Motivation in Word-Combinations

Motivation in WCs may be lexical or grammatical (structural). The WC is

motivated if its meaning is deducible from the meaning, order and arrangement of

its components: red flower – red+flower – quality+substance – A+N. Non-

motivated WCs are indivisible lexically and structurally. They are called

phraseological units.

The WC is lexially non-motivated if its combined lexical meaning is not

deducible from the meaning of its components: red tape –bureaucratic methods.

The WC represents a single indivisible semantic entity.

The WC is structurally non-motivated if the meaning of its pattern is not

deducible from the order and arrangement of its components: red tape – substance

– N. The WC represents a single indivisible structural entity.

V. Categories of Word-Combinations

The study of WCs is based on the following set of oppositions each

constituting a separate category:

1. Neutral and stylistically marked WCs: old coat – old boy;

2. Variable and stable WCs: take a pen – take place;

3. Non-idiomatic and idiomatic WCs: to speak plainly – to call a spade a

spade;