Современная архитектура. Гусева О.Г - 28 стр.

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27
(1863—1931) and L. A. H. Wolf in the Netherlands; Guimard's Castel Beranger
(1897—1898), entrances to Metro^stations and the auditorium of the Humbert de
Romans building (1902, destroyed) in Paris; Horta's Maison du Peuple (1896—1899,
destroyed) and the former Hotel Solvay (1895—1900) in Brussels.
In Russia Art Nouveau is represented in the works of F. Shekhtel, (S.
Ryabushinsky's Mansion (1900), the building for the newspaper " Utro Rossii" (Moscow,
1907).
All these works are the result of aп attempt to put an end to imitations of past
styles; in its place is offered a florid type of architecture, which exploits craft skills,
using coloured materials (faience cabochons, stoneware, terracotta panels, stained
glass), exotic veneers, moulded stonework, grilles, balconies, and tapered brackets in
wrought iron; and burgeoning with asymmetrical door — and window-frames, bow and
horseshoe windows, etc.
In the later phases of Art Nouveau, facade decoration was accompanied by a
powerful plastic treatment of the whole building, either by the dramatic accentuation of
individual parts of the structure (Glasgow Art School, 1898-1909, by Mackintosh) or by
the sculptural modelling of the whole building mass (Werkbundtheater, Cologne, 1914
by van de Velde; Casa Mila, Barcelona, 1905—1910, by Gaudi).
Art Nouveau was first and foremost an aesthetic undertaking, based on social
theories and inspired by aesthetes such as Ruskin, Morris and Oscar Wilde. It was born of
a reaction to the rise of industrialism.
Distinguished architects of the Art Nouveau style, such as Mackintosh, Behrens and
the Viennese masters became pioneers of modern architecture, it is true, but with
their forward-looking buildings they overstepped the frontiers which the style had
imposed upon its adherents.
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Vocabulary:
current
diverse
to argue
rubric
instance
noodle
entrance
to refer
to highlight
two-dimensional
undulating
the applied art
to engrave
former
attempt
to offer

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